In the period from the 1830s until the First World War, dozens of German-language newspapers in the United States were published. Although the first German immigrants had arrived by 1700, most German-language newspapers flourished during the era of mass immigration from Germany that began in the 1820s.[1]
Germans were the first non-English speakers to publish newspapers in the U.S., and by 1890, over 1,000 German-language newspapers were being published in the United States.[1] The first German language paper was Die Philadelphische Zeitung, published by Benjamin Franklin in Philadelphia beginning in 1732; it failed after a year.[1] In 1739, Christopher Sauer established Der Hoch-Deutsche Pennsylvanische Geschicht-Schreiber, later known as Die Germantauner Zeitung.[2] It was one of the most influential pre-Revolutionary weekly newspapers in the colonies.[2] By 1802, Pennsylvanian Germans published newspapers not only in Philadelphia, but also in Lancaster, Reading, Easton, Harrisburg, York, and Norristown.[1] The oldest German Catholic newspaper, the Cincinnati Archdiocese's Der Wahrheitsfreund, began publishing in 1837.[3][4] By 1881, it was one of five German papers in the Cincinnati market.[5]
The newspapers were hit by two rounds of closures due to sudden drops in advertising revenue. As the U.S. entered World War I, many advertisers stopped placing advertisements in German newspapers. Later, with the onset of Prohibition in 1920, the remaining newspapers faded, as older generations died and newer generations chose not to embrace a German-American identity, with Americanization.[1] A few American newspapers in the German language remain extant today.
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Transcription
Current
California
- Neue Presse USA, Hemet, 1986–present
Florida
- Florida Sun, Orlando
New York
- New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, New York, 1834–present
Pennsylvania
- Amerika Woche, Gladwyne, 1956–present
- Hiwwe wie Driwwe, Kutztown, 1997–present (written in the Pennsylvania German dialect)
Defunct
Arkansas
- Arkansas Freie Presse, Little Rock, 1874-1876[6]
- Das Arkansas Echo, 1891–1932[7]
- Stuttgart Germania, Stuttgart, 1895
- Die Arkansas Staatszeitung, 1869-1917
California
- California Staats-Zeitung, San Francisco, 1852–1918[8]
- Republikaner, San Francisco, 1860
- San Francisco Abend Post, San Francisco, 1863–1864
- California Chronik, San Francisco, 1866
- Der Wecker, San Francisco, 1876–1878
- Süd-California Post, Los Angeles, 1887–1914
- San Francisco Tageblatt, San Francisco, 1898–1902
Colorado
- Die deutsche Presse des grossen Westens, Denver, 1870[9]
- Die Deutsche Zeitung, Denver, 1871–1872[10]
- Colorado Journal, Denver, 1872–1899[10]
- Colorado Courier, Denver, 1873; 1882–1884[10]
- Colorado Post, Denver, 1879–1880[10]
- Sonntags Post, Denver, 1881–1883[10]
- Colorado Staats-Zeitung, Denver, 1882–1885[10]
- Fidibus-Herold, Denver, 1883–1897[10]
- Denver Figaro, Denver, 1883–1886[10]
- Denver Freie Presse, Denver, 1887–1888[10]
- Denver Volksblatt, Denver, 1887–1888[10]
- Volksblatt, Pueblo, 1887–1888[10]
- Colorado Freie Presse, Denver, 1891–1892[10]
- Neue Welt, Denver, 1892–1894[10]
- Pueblo Anzeiger, Pueblo, 1892–1896[10]
- Silber-Glocken, Denver, 1895–1896[10]
- Denver Discuverer, Denver, 1896–1898[10]
- Ordensblatt der Harugari, Denver, 1896–1899[10]
- Bote, Denver, 1897–1899[10]
- Pueblo Freie Presse, Pueblo, 1897–1899[10]
- Denver Posten, Denver, 1898–1901[10]
- Odensblatt und Vereins Zeitung, Denver, 1899–1903[10]
- Nachrichten, Pueblo, 1900–1901[10]
- Colorado Herold, Denver, 1902–1947[10]
- Colorado Vorwarts, Denver, 1903–1914[10]
- Volkszeitung Tribune, Denver, 1955–after 1963[10]
Connecticut
- Connecticut Republikaner, New Haven, 1867–1901
- Connecticut Freie-Presse, New Haven, 1875–1907
- New England Anzeiger, New Haven, 1876–1884
- Bridgeporter Zeitung, Bridgeport, 1877–1878
- Connecticut Staats-Zeitung, Hartford, 1883–1942
- New Haven Anzeiger, 1891–1910
- Waterbury Beobachter, Waterbury, 1898–1917
- Westporter Herald, Westport, 1898–1951
Florida
- Florida Deutsches Echo, Miami, 1926–?[11]
Illinois
- Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Chicago, 1848–1922
- Belleviller Zeitung, Belleville, 1849–1917
- Der Proletarier, Chicago, 1853
- Deutscher Anzeiger, Freeport, 1853–1917[12]
- Arbeiter-Zeitung, Chicago, 1877–1931
- Vorbote, Chicago, 1874–1924
- Bloomington Journal, Bloomington, 1877–1918
- Plattdeutsche Zeitung, Chicago, 1878–1881
- Die Fäckel, Chicago, 1879-1919
- Abendpost, Chicago, 1889–1950
- Abend Presse, Chicago, 1896–1913
- Eintracht, Chicago, 1922–2017[13]
Iowa
- Iowa Tribüne, Burlington, 1861–1899
- Der Demokrat, Davenport, 1851–1918
- Ostfriesische Nachrichten, Dubuque, 1881–1971
- Le Mars Herold, Le Mars, 1884–1918
Louisiana
- Die Deutsche Zeitung, New Orleans, 1848–1907[14]
- Die Glocke, New Orleans, 1848–1850[14]
- Louisiana Zuschauer, Lafayette, 1849–?[14]
- Louisiana Staatszeitung, New Orelans, 1850–1866, merged into Die Deutsche Zeitung[14]
- Das Arbeiterblatt, New Orleans, 1850–1851[14]
- Deutsche Courier No. 2, 1850–?[14]
- Der Alligator, New Orleans, 1851–?[14]
- Lafayetter Zeitung, Lafeyette, 1851–?[14]
- Täglische New Orleans Journal, New Orleans, 1866–1867[14]
- Täglische New Orleans Deutsche Presse, New Orleans, 1868–1869, merged into Die Deutsche Zeitung[14]
- Der Familienfreund, 1869–1903[14]
- Der Kinderfreund, 1872–1874[14]
- Die Laterne, 1872–?[14]
- Louisiana Deutsches Journal, 1876–1877[14]
- Der Altenheimbote, 1892–1918[14]
- Der Negerfreund, 1897–1947[14]
- The Southern Lutheran, 1903–1917[14]
- Neue Deutsche Zeitung, 1907–1917[14]
Maryland
- Baltimore Wecker, Baltimore, 1851–1877
- Der Deutsche Correspondent, Baltimore, 1841–1918, merged into Baltimore Correspondent
- Bayrisches Wochenblatt, Baltimore, 1880–1919, merged into Baltimore Correspondent
- (Täglicher) Baltimore Correspondent, Baltimore, 1919–1976[15][16][17]
Massachusetts
- Neu England Rundschau, Holyoke, 1884–1942
- New England Staaten Zeitung, Holyoke, 1875–1901
Michigan
- Nordamerikanische Wochenpost, Warren, 1854–2022
Minnesota
- Der Nordstern, St. Cloud, 1874–1931
- Minnesota Staats-Zeitung, St. Paul, 1858-1877
- Minnesota Volksblatt, St. Paul, 1861-1877
- Die Volkszeitung, St. Paul, 1877-1881
- Wöchentliche Volkszeitung, 1881-1921
- Tägliche Volkszeitung, 1881-1941
Missouri
- Anzeiger des Westens, St. Louis, 1835–1898
- Westliche Post, St. Louis, 1857–1938
- Mississippi Blätter, St. Louis, 1857–1932
- Hermanner Volksblatt, Hermann, c.1856–1928
- Osage County Volksblatt, 1896–1917
Montana
- Montana Staats-Zeitung, 1886–1917
Nebraska
Nevada
- Nevada Staats-Zeitung, Virginia City, 1864–1875 [20]
- Nevada Pionier,[20] 1864–1864
- Deutsche Union[20]
New York
- Amerika Woche, New York City, 1999–present
- Buffalo Demokrat, Buffalo, 1848–1918
- Buffalo Freie Presse, Buffalo, 1860–1910[21]
- Der Katholische Deutschamerikaner, 1910[22]
- Neue Volks, New York City, 1932–1949[23]
- Neue Volkszeitung, New York City, 1932–1949
- New-Yorker Abend-Zeitung, New York City, 1851–1874
- New Yorker Herold, New York City, 1880–1934
- New-Yorker Tages-Nachrichten, New York City, 1870–1896[24]
- New Yorker Volkszeitung, New York City, 1878–1932
- Oneida Demokrat, Utica, 1855–1871[25]
- Der Volksfreund, Buffalo, 1838–1943
North Dakota
- Der Staats Anzeiger, Bismarck, 1906–1945
Ohio
- Cincinnati Freie Presse, Cincinnati, 1872–1964
- (Tägliches) Cincinnati Volksblatt, Cincinnati, 1863–1919
- Cincinnati Volksfreund, Cincinnati, 1850–1908
- Hochwächter, Cincinnati, 1845–1849
- Der Wahrheitsfreund, Cincinnati, 1837–1907
- Ohio Waisenfreund
- Westliche Blätter, Cincinnati, 1865–1919[26]
Oregon
Pennsylvania
- Alte und neue Welt, Philadelphia, 1834-1844 [1]
- Die Germantauner Zeitung, 1739
- Philadelphia Demokrat, Philadelphia, 1838–1918
- Philadelphische Staatsbote, Philadelphia
- Die Philadelphische Zeitung, Philadelphia, 1732
- Die York Gazette, 1796
- Freiheits-Freund, Pittsburgh, 1834–1901
- Pittsburger Volksblatt, Pittsburgh, 1859–1901
- Volksblatt und Freiheits-Freund, Pittsburgh, 1901–1942
South Carolina
- Der Teutone, Charleston, 1844–?
South Dakota
- Dakota Freie Presse, Yankton, 1874–1954
Tennessee
- Die Stimme die Volk, Memphis, 1854-1860
- Die Anzeiger des Südens, Memphis, 1858-1876
- Die Neue Zeit, Memphis, 1862-187?
- Memphis Correspondent, Memphis, 1870-?
- Memphis Journal, Memphis, 1876-1878
- Nashviller Demokrat, Nashville, 1866-1871
- Tennessee Staatszeitung, Nashville, 1866-1869
Virginia
- Richmonder Anzeiger, Richmond, 1854-?[27]
- Virginia Staats-Gazette, Richmond, 1870-1904
Washington DC
- Washington Journal, Washington DC, 1859–1999, merger with Amerika Woche
West Virginia
- Deutsche Zeitung, Wheeling, 1901-1916[28]
- West Virginia patriot, Wheeling, 1916-191?[29]
- West Virginische staats-zeitung, Wheeling, 1887-1901, formed by the merger of Deutsche zeitung (Wheeling, W. Va.: 1876) (non-extant), and Wheelinger volksblatt (non-extant).[30]
- Wheelinger volksblatt, Wheeling, 1880-1887[31]
- Virginische staats-zeitung / Virginia state gazette, Wheeling, 1848-1863, continued by West Virginia staats zeitung (non-extant)[32]
- Der Arbeiter-Freund, Wheeling, 1865-1887, absorbed Patriot (Wheeling, W. Va.) (non-extant) and was continued by Deutsche Zeitung von West Virginien (non-extant).[33]
Wisconsin
- Die Deutsche Frauen-Zeitung, Milwaukee, founded in 1852.[34][35][36]
- Manitowoc Post, Manitowoc, 1881–1924
- Milwaukee Herold, Milwaukee, 1860–1931
- Nord Stern, La Crosse
- Der Nord-Westen, Manitowoc, 1860–1909
- Shawano County Wochenblatt, Shawano, 1885-1901
- Shawano County Volksbote-Wochenblatt, Shawano, 1897-1935
National newspapers
- Amerika Woche, 1972–present
- Der Ruf, distributed to German POWs across the United States during World War II
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Grohsgal, Leah Weinryb (2 July 2014). "Chronicling America's Historic German Newspapers and the Growth of the American Ethnic Press". neh.gov. National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ a b "A History of Pennsylvania Newspapers". libraries.psu.edu. The Pennsylvania State University. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ McCann, Mary Agnes (1920). "The Most Reverend John Baptist Purcell, D.D., Archbishop of Cincinnati (1800-1883)". The Catholic Historical Review. 6 (2). American Catholic Historical Association: 183. ISSN 0008-8080. JSTOR 25011687.
- ^ Clark, S. J. (1912). Cincinnati, the Queen City, 1788-1912, Volume 2. The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 12.
- ^ "A Word About the Enquirer". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Vol. 39, no. 293. October 20, 1881. p. 4. ProQuest 888489269.
- ^ "Arkansas Freie Presse (Little Rock, Ark.) 1874-1876". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "Das Arkansas Echo (Little Rock, Ark.) 1891-1932".
- ^ "California Staats-Zeitung (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1852-1918". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ MacArthur, Mildred (1917). History of the German Element in the State of Colorado. R and E Research Associates. p. 42.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Oehlerts, Carl (1964). Guide to Colorado Newspapers 1859-1963. Denver: Bibliographical Center for Research Rocky Mountain Region, Inc.
- ^ Kloss, Heinz (1977). The American Bilingual Tradition. Newberry House. p. 106. ISBN 0912066067.
- ^ "Deutscher Anzeiger (Freeport, Ill.) 1853-1917". Library of Congress. Retrieved June 11, 2022.
- ^ Juengling (28 January 2017). "95 Jahre Eintracht". Eintracht (in German). 95 (20): 1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Merrill, Ellen (2014). Germans of Louisiana. Pelican Publishing. pp. 194–202. ISBN 978-1455604845.
- ^ "Baltimore Correspondent". Retrieved 2017-11-11.
- ^ "Täglicher Baltimore Correspondent". Retrieved 2017-11-11.
- ^ "Baltimore Correspondent. [volume]". Retrieved 2017-11-11.
- ^ "Nebraska Staats-Anzeiger (Lincoln, Nebraska) 1880-1901 [Online Resource]". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "Lincoln Freie Presse (Lincoln, Neb.) 1884-1942 [Online Resource]". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
- ^ a b c Rowell's American Newspaper Directory, Volume 7. New York City: Geo. P. Rowell & Co. Publishers. 1875.
- ^ "Buffalo Freie Presse (Buffalo [N.Y.]) 1860-1914". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "Der Katholische Deutschamerikaner = the Catholic German American (New York [N.Y.]) 1910-1910". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "Neue Volks-Zeitung (New York, N.Y.) 1932-1949". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "New-Yorker Tages-Nachrichten (New York [N.Y.]) 1870-1896". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "Oneida Demokrat (Utica, N.Y.) 1855-1871". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ "Westliche Blätter (Cincinnati [Ohio]) 1865-1919". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
- ^ entry for Richmonder Anzeiger at the Library of Congress
- ^ "About Deutsche Zeitung. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1901-1916". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
- ^ "About West Virginia patriot. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1916-191?". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
- ^ "About West Virginische staats-zeitung. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1887-1901". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
- ^ "About Wheelinger volksblatt. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1880-1887". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
- ^ "About Virginische staats-zeitung = Virginia state gazette. [volume] (Wheeling, Va.) 1848-1863". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
- ^ "About Der Arbeiter-Freund. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1887". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
- ^ "Wisconsin's First Newspaper...by Women". Quixote. 8 (3 (not a duplicate)): 5–6. March 1974. JSTOR community.28042973 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Bilić, Viktorija. "German-Language Media". Encyclopedia of Milwaukee. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
- ^ "Anneke, Mathilde, 1817-1884". Wisconsin Historical Society. 2012-08-03. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
External links
- "Chronicling America" from the Library of Congress lists 2500 German newspapers and offers full-text digital access to 24 German-language newspaper titles—over 150,000 pages, with more added annually.]
This page was last edited on 26 March 2024, at 23:13