Ganagobie

Ganagobie
The 12th century church of Our Lady, in Ganagobie
Coat of arms
Location of Ganagobie
Ganagobie Show map of France Ganagobie Show map of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Coordinates: 44°00′34″N 5°55′00″E / 44.0094°N 5.9167°E / 44.0094; 5.9167
Country	France
Region	Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Department	Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Arrondissement	Digne-les-Bains
Canton	Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban
Intercommunality	Provence-Alpes Agglomération
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Sylvie Belmonte^[1]
Area ¹	10.5 km² (4.1 sq mi)
Population (2021)^[2]	91
• Density	8.7/km² (22/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	04091 /04310
Elevation	367–719 m (1,204–2,359 ft) (avg. 377 m or 1,237 ft)
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Ganagobie (French pronunciation: [ɡanaɡɔbi]; Occitan: Ganagòbia) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.

It is the site of a Benedictine monastery, the Abbey of Our Lady of Ganagobie.

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History

Prehistory and antiquity

The commune has been inhabited since prehistory: the north end of the plateau was home to a prehistoric village. It was fortified by a rampart 120 meters high, and therefore an oppidum.^[3]^[4] This oppidum, called "de Villevieille" (old city) from the name of the village that succeeded it, belonged to the Sogiontii. In antiquity, Ganagobie was inhabited by Sogiontii, whose territory stretched from the south of the Baronnies to the Durance. They were allied with the Vocontii, and after the Roman conquest, were included with them in the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis. In the second century, they separated from the Vocontii and formed a distinct civitas with a capital they called Segustero, now called Sisteron.^[5]

Middle Ages

Southeast Gaul belonged to Burgundy, but in 510 the king of the Ostrogoths, Theodoric the Great, conquered the region between the Durance, the Rhône and the Isère. The commune was briefly again part of Italy, until 526. To reconcile with Godomar the king of Burgundy, the Ostrogoth regent Amalasuntha returned this territory to him.^[6] At this time two farms were installed on the plateau, one on the north and the other on the site of the priory.^[7]

The priory was founded at the end of the 10th century.^[8] The domain belonged to the bishops of Sisteron, who gave it to Cluny Abbey.^[3] This monastery remained important into the 15th century and for a time housed the relics of Saint Honoratus, moved there from Lérins Abbey.

In 1471, the community was completely depopulated by the plague and the Hundred Years War.^[9]

Modern era

In 1491, the Abbey of Cluny laid siege to the priory to take back control of it. Fighting over it continued until the French Revolution.^[8]

Contemporary era

Like many communes in the département, Ganagobie had a school well before the Jules Ferry laws: in 1863, it already had one that provided primary education to boys.^[10] No instruction was provided to girls despite the Falloux Laws of 1851, which mandated schools for girls in municipalities of more 800 inhabitants.^[11] Neither it nor the first loi Duruy [fr] of 1867, which lowered the threshold to 500, applied to Ganagobie.^[12] Not until the Ferry laws did the girls of the town receive formal educations.

Ahead of the Allied landing in Provence, two Operation Jedburgh teams parachuted in on August 8 and 9 to attack the German rear, notably its communication channels. Some 3000 FFI fighters took control of route nationale 96 (RN 96), which runs through the valley of the Durance from Manosque to Veynes.^[13] Following debarcation, Allied forces quickly broke through German defenses, and moved to cut off the Wehrmacht retreat. One column, which left Vidauban on 17 August,^[13] crossed the Durance on 20 August south of Mirabeau.^[14] The US 143rd infantry regiment went up the valley of the Durance all day on 20 August, liberating the towns and villages along the way, among them Ganagobie.

Until the middle of the 20th century, wine was grown in Ganagobie. Of mediocre quality, it was intended for local consumption, but these vineyards are abandoned today.^[15]

Population

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1968	121	—
1975	50	−11.86%
1982	64	+3.59%
1990	75	+2.00%
1999	91	+2.17%
2007	106	+1.93%
2012	84	−4.55%
2017	96	+2.71%
Source: INSEE^[16]

References

^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
^ "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
^ ^a ^b Baratier, Édouard; Duby, Georges; Hildesheimer, Ernest (1970). "Atlas historique : Provence, Comtat, Venaissin, Principauté de Monaco, Principauté d'Orange, Comté de Nice, Ed. Baratier, Georges Duby, E. Hildesheimer". Annales de géographie. 79 (435): 176.
^ Varano, p. 144.
^ Beaujard, Brigitte (2006). "Les cités de la Gaule méridionale du IIIe au VIIe s." Gallia. 63 (1): 18–19. doi:10.3406/galia.2006.3280. S2CID 193998311.
^ Becker-Piriou, Audrey (1 January 2008). "De Galla Placidia à Amalasonthe, des femmes dans la diplomatie romano-barbare en Occident?". Revue Historique. 647 (3): 531. doi:10.3917/rhis.083.0507.
^ Varano, p. 103.
^ ^a ^b Michel de La Torre, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: le guide complet des 200 communes, Paris, Deslogis-Lacoste, coll. Villes et villages de France, 1989, Relié, 72 p. No page numbers. (ISBN 2-7399-5004-7)
^ Baratier, Georges Duby, and Ernest Hildesheimer, Atlas historique. Provence, Comtat Venaissin, principauté d’Orange, comté de Nice, principauté de Monaco, Paris, Librairie Armand Colin, 1969 (notice BnF no FRBNF35450017), p. 176.
^ Labadie, p. 9
^ Labadie, p. 16.
^ Labadie, p. 18.
^ ^a ^b Julien, p. 250.
^ Julien, p. 81.
^ Réparaz, André de (1 June 2007). "Terroirs perdus, terroirs constants, terroirs conquis : vigne et olivier en Haute-Provence XIXe-XXIe siècles". Méditerranée. Revue géographique des pays méditerranéens / Journal of Mediterranean geography (in French) (109): 56 and 59. doi:10.4000/mediterranee.70. ISSN 0025-8296.
^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE