GER Class D81

GER Class D81
LNER Class J20

J20 No. 4697 rests along with numerous other freight engines at March Locomotive Depot on Sunday 14 July 1946

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	A. J. Hill
Builder	Stratford Works
Build date	1920–1922
Total produced	25

Specifications
Configuration:
• Whyte	0-6-0
• UIC	C h2
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Driver dia.	4 ft 11 in (1.499 m)
Wheelbase	40 ft 11 in (12.47 m)
Length	54 ft 6 in (16.61 m) over buffers
Loco weight	54 long tons 15 cwt (122,600 lb or 55.6 t)
Fuel type	Coal
Firebox: • Firegrate area	26.5 sq ft (2.46 m²)
Boiler pressure	180 lbf/in² (1.24 MPa)
Heating surface	1,834.2 sq ft (170.40 m²)
Cylinders	Two, inside
Cylinder size	20 in × 28 in (508 mm × 711 mm)

Performance figures
Tractive effort	29,044 lbf (129.19 kN)

Career
Operators	Great Eastern Railway → London and North Eastern Railway → British Railways
Class	GER: D81 LNER: J20
Power class	BR: 5F
Axle load class	LNER/BR: RA 5
Withdrawn	1959–1962
Disposition	All scrapped

The GER Class D81 was a class of twenty-five 0-6-0 steam locomotives designed by A. J. Hill for the Great Eastern Railway. The all passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping and received the classification J20.

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Transcription

History

These locomotives were fitted with 20-by-28-inch (508 mm × 711 mm) cylinders and 4-foot-11-inch (1.499 m) wheels, while the Belpaire firebox-fitted boiler was identical to that fitted to the Class S69 4-6-0s. They were the most powerful 0-6-0 tender locomotive in Britain until the arrival of Oliver Bulleid's Q1 class for the Southern Railway in 1942.^[1]

Table of orders and numbers^[1]
Year	Order	Manufacturer	Quantity	GER Nos.	LNER Nos.	1946 Nos.
1920	D81	Stratford Works	5	1270–1274	8270–8274	4675–4679
1922	M87	Stratford Works	10	1275–1284	8275–8284	4680–4689
1922	Y87	Stratford Works	10	1285–1294	8285–8294	4690–4699

All were still in service at the 1923 grouping, the LNER adding 7000 to the numbers of nearly all the ex-Great Eastern locomotives, including the Class D81 locomotives. Between 1943 and 1956 the class was rebuilt with round-top fireboxes, and reclassified as J20/1.^[1]^[2]

At nationalisation in 1948, British Railways added 60000 to their LNER numbers. They all continued in service until 1959, when the first was withdrawn; all were gone by the end of 1962.^[1]

Table of withdrawals^[2]
Year	Quantity in service at start of year	Quantity withdrawn	Locomotive numbers
1959	25	3	64675/83/88
1960	22	9	64678/81–82/84–86/93–95
1961	13	8	64676–77/79–80/89/92/97–98
1962	5	5	64687/90–91/96/99

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Aldrich 1969, p. 73.
^ ^a ^b Baxter 2012, pp. 102–103.

Aldrich, C. Langley (1969). The Locomotives of the Great Eastern Railway 1862–1962 (7th ed.). Wickford, Essex: C. Langley Aldrich. OCLC 30278831.
Baxter, Bertram (2012). Baxter, David; Mitchell, Peter (eds.). British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923, Volume 6: Great Eastern Railway, North British Railway, Great North of Scotland Railway, Midland & Great Northern Joint Railway, remaining companies in the LNER group. Southampton: Kestrel Railway Books. ISBN 978-1-905505-26-5.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to GER Class D81 / LNER Class J20.

[1] – Great Eastern Railway Society
The Hill J20 (GER Class D81) 0-6-0 Locomotives – LNER Encyclopedia

v t e Great Eastern Railway locomotives
R. Sinclair (1862–1866)	Z Y X W V
S. W. Johnson (1866–1876)	No. 1 125 201 202 417 204 109 477 T7 200 134 C8
Wm. Adams (1873–1878)	209 61 K9 230 527
M. Bromley (1878–1881)	E10 245 140 M12 552
T. W. Worsdell (1881–1885)	G14 Y14 G15 M15 G16
J. Holden (1885–1907)	T18 T19 127 E22 R24 D27 T26 N31 C32 P43 S44 S46 F48 C53 A55 D56 S56 G58
S. D. Holden (1907–1912)	Y65 G69 S69 E72
A. J. Hill (1912–1922)	C72 B74 L77 T77 D81 H88

London and North Eastern Railway locomotives

Pre-grouping
railway designs

Great Central	A5 B1/B18 B2/B19 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 C4 C5 C13 C14 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 E2 E3 E8 F1 F2 G3 J8 J9 J10 J11 J12 J13 J58 J59 J60 J61 J62 J63 L1/L3 M1 N4 N5 N6 O4 O5 Q4 S1 X4 Y2
Great Eastern	B12 D13 D14 D15 D16 E4 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 G4 J14 J15 J16 J17 J18 J19 J20 J65 J66 J67 J68 J69 J70 N7 Y4 Y5 Y6 Z4/J92
Great North of Scotland	D38 D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48 G10 J90 J91 Z4 Z5
Great Northern	A1 C1 C2 C12 D1 D2 D3 D4 E1 G1 G2 J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J50 J51 J52 J53 J54 J55 J56 J57 K1 K2 K3 N1 N2 O1 O2 Q1 Q2 Q3 R1
North British	C10 C11 C15 C16 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30 D31 D32 D33 D34 D35 D36 D50 D51 E7 G7 G8 G9 J31 J32 J33 J34 J35 J36 J37 J81 J82 J83 J84 J85 J86 J88 N14 N15 Y9 Y10
North Eastern	A2 A6 A7 B13 B14 B15 B16 C6 C7 C8 D17/1 D17/2 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 E5 E6 F8 G5 G6 H1 J21 J22 J24 J25 J26 J27 J71 J72 J73 J74 J76 J77 J78 J79 N8 N9 N10 Q5 Q6 Q7 T1 X1 X2 X3 Y7 Y8 EB1 EE1 EF1 ES1
North Eastern (ex Hull & Barnsley)	D24 J23 J28 J75 J80 N11 N12 N13 Q10

LNER designs

Gresley (1923–1941)	A1 A3 A4 A8 B17 C9 D49 J38 J39 J50 K4 P1 P2 U1 V1 V2 V3 V4 W1 EM1
Thompson (1941–1946)	A1 A2/1 A2/2 A2/3 B1 B2 D K1 K5 L1 O1 Q1
Peppercorn (1946–1947)	A1 A2 K1

Other designs

Proposed designs

P10 2-8-2T (Nov 1929)
B 4-6-0 (Nov 1936)
? 4-8-2 (1939)
Q 0-8-0 (June 1930)
? 4-8-4 (Feb 1946)
? 4-8-2 (Feb 1946)
K 2-6-0 (Aug 1947)

see also: British Railways steam locomotives; GWR locomotives; LMS locomotives; Southern Railway locomotives

This page was last edited on 23 April 2023, at 13:26

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