The fire of Skopje started on 26 October 1689 and lasted for two days, burning much of the city; only some stone-built structures, such as the fortress and some churches and mosques, were relatively undamaged. The fire had a disastrous effect on the city: its population declined from around 60,000 to around 10,000, and it lost its regional importance as a trading centre.[1] Many of them settled in the imperial capital of Istanbul, creating the Üsküp mahallesi (Turkish for "Skopje neighborhood").[2]
In 1689 the Austrian general Enea Silvio Piccolomini led an army to capture Kosovo, Bosnia and Macedonia from the Ottoman Empire.
In the same time, successful development of Skopje was suddenly interrupted in 1689 by the entry of the Austrian army into Macedonia. During the Austrian-Turkish war (1683–1699), Austrian troops under the command of General Piccolomini penetrated in an unstoppable advance far into the interior of European Turkey and, after taking the fortress of Kaçanik, descended into the Skopje plain. On 25 October 1689, they took Skopje without much struggle, for the Turkish army and some of the inhabitants had left the town. Ottoman forces were due back with a counteroffensive in three days. By order of General Piccolomini, Skopje was set on fire,[3] and the conflagration lasted two days (26 and 27 October); great many houses and shops were destroyed, but the worst damage was in the Jewish quarter of the town, where almost all the dwelling-houses, two synagogues and the Jewish school were destroyed.[4]
Along the way on his retreat from Skopje, General Piccolomini contracted and died from cholera.
Some accounts of these events state that Piccolomini razed Skopje due to an inability of his forces to occupy and govern a city so far from his headquarters.[5]
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Transcription
Buildings damaged by the fire
- Kapan Han[2]
- Skopje clock tower[6]
- İshak Bey Mosque[7]
- Yahya Pasha Mosque[8]
- Sultan Murad Mosque[9] and its medrese[10]
- Suli An[11]
- Kursumli An[12]
- Skopje Bedesten[13]
- Arasta Mosque[10]
- Church of the Ascension of Jesus[14]
References
- ^ Judah (2009). The Serbs: History, Myth and the Destruction of Yugoslavia. Yale University Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-300-15826-7.
- ^ a b Asani, Eljesa (10 March 2010). "Makedonya'daki medreseler ve İsa Bey Medresesi" (in Turkish).
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "History of Skopje". www.fidanoski.ca. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ^ Скопје, Град. "Official portal of City of Skopje – History". www.skopje.gov.mk. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
- ^ Katardzhiev, Ivan (1979). A History of the Macedonian People. Translated by Graham W. Reid. Skopje: Macedonian Review. p. 96.
- ^ "ÜSKÜP - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi". TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ "İshak Bey Camii | Etnolojik Araştırmalar ve Uygulamalı Antropoloji Merkezi - CEIPA". ceipa.pmf.ukim.mk. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ Yasinyazdı (19 September 2016). "Yahya Paşa Cami". Üsküp - Makedonya Üsküp Şehri Turizm Rehberi (in Turkish). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ "SULTAN MURAD KÜLLİYESİ - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi". TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ a b creativeyazilim.com, Creative Yazılım-. "Üsküp - Dünya Sırtımda | Düşük Bütçeli Seyahat Rehberi". dunyasirtimda.com. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ Camci, +hali̇t Ömer (28 May 2008). "Üsküp Yıldırım Han Diyarı – Bize Ataların Yadigârı". Gezgin Dergi (in Turkish). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ "Üsküp'te Tarihi ve Turistik Yerler | 16 Tarihi Yer". Biletbayi Blog (in Turkish). 22 June 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ "Sami Altınay'ın Üsküp Rehberi | Uzakrota".
- ^ Skopje In Your Pocket. In Your Pocket.
External links
- Дневник, 25.10.2008: „317 години од пожарот што го збриша градот“ (in Macedonian)
- „Денот што го турна Скопје во двовековен мрак“, „Нова Македонија“, 24.10.2009 (in Macedonian)
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This page was last edited on 26 October 2023, at 17:32