File:Science and Mechanics Nov 1931 cover.jpg

Summary

Description	"Berlin to New York in less than One Hour!" written by Hugo Gernsback and illustrated by Frank R. Paul in the November 1931 issue of Everyday Science and Mechanics. (Volume 2, Number 12.) This proposed spaceship would reach an altitude 700 miles on its one hour trip from Berlin to New York. The article notes that "the tremendous acceleration of the flyer during the first few minutes makes things rather uncomfortable for the passengers." Artificial refrigeration would keep the passengers and ship from getting too hot on re-entry. A major problem to solve is the weight of the fuel required for the trip. Hugo Gernsback started his first magazine, Modern Electrics in 1908 and wrote his first "Science Fiction" story, "Ralph 124C 41+", in 1911. Gernsback started a dedicated science fiction magazine, Amazing Stories, in 1926. The World Science Fiction Society annual award for science fiction writing is the Hugo. Frank R. Paul began illustrating Gernsback's magazines around 1914 and became one of the leading science fiction artists. Science and Mechanics was started by Hugo Gernsback soon after he lost his Experimenter Publishing Company in 1929. Initially titled Everyday Mechanics, it became Everyday Science and Mechanics in 1931. Virgil Angerman purchased the magazine in 1937 and changed the title to Science and Mechanics. Curtis Publishing Company acquired a controlling interest in 1954 and the magazine was sold to Davis Publications in 1959. The magazine was published until 1984. This cover had soiling on the edges with a few minor folds, scratches and pencil marks. It was scanned with an Epson Perfection V500 scanner and saved as a 300 dpi tif file. The restoration was done in Adobe Photoshop Elements 5.0. The magazine size is 8.5 by 11.5 inches (215 by 290 mm).
Date	November 1931
Source	Scanned from the November 1931 Everyday Science and Mechanics by User:Swtpc6800, Michael Holley
Author	Frank R. Paul, Art Director of Everyday Science and Mechanics, Gernsback Publications
Permission (Reusing this file)	Published October 5, 1931, copyright registration B 133275, Gernsback Publications, New York. A search of the copyright records show no renewals for Everyday Science and Mechanics or Science and Mechanics in 1958 or 1959. This magazine is in the public domain. The cover art was created by an employee of the magazine.
Other versions	Science and Mechanics November 1931 Cover Science and Mechanics cover un-restored Page 641 Hugo Gernsback Editorial Page 648 "Berlin to New York in less than One Hour!" Page 649 "Berlin to New York in less than One Hour!" Page 712 "Berlin to New York in less than One Hour!"

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English: "Berlin to New York in less than One Hour!" written by Hugo Gernsback and illustrated by Frank R. Paul in the November 1931 issue of Everyday Science and Mechanics. This proposed spaceship would reach an altitude 700 miles on its one hour trip from Berlin to New York. The article notes that "the tremendous acceleration of the flyer during the first few minutes makes things rather uncomfortable for the passengers." Artificial refrigeration would keep the passengers and ship from getting too hot on re-entry. A major problem to solve is the weight of the fuel required for the trip.

Other languages:

Deutsch: „Von Berlin nach New York in weniger als einer Stunde!“ geschrieben vom Hugo Gernsback und bebildert von Frank R. Paul im November 1931 in der Ausgabe von „Everyday Science and Mechanics“. Nach diesen Vorstellungen würde ein Raumschiff auf dieser Reise von Berlin nach New York City eine Höhe von 700 Meilen (1.127 Kilometer) erreichen. Dieser Artikel stellt fest, dass „die ernorme Beschleunigung des Flugkörpers während der ersten paar Minuten die Reise ziemlich unangenehm für die Passagiere macht“. Künstliche Kälte würde die Passagiere und das Schiff vor einer Überhitzung beim Wiedereintritt bewahren. Das Gewicht für den Treibstoff, welches für die Reise benötigt wird, ist ein weiteres großes Problem, was es zu lösen gilt.

English: "Berlin to New York in less than One Hour!" written by Hugo Gernsback and illustrated by Frank R. Paul in the November 1931 issue of Everyday Science and Mechanics. This proposed spaceship would reach an altitude 700 miles on its one hour trip from Berlin to New York. The article notes that "the tremendous acceleration of the flyer during the first few minutes makes things rather uncomfortable for the passengers." Artificial refrigeration would keep the passengers and ship from getting too hot on re-entry. A major problem to solve is the weight of the fuel required for the trip.

Español: ¡De Berlín a Nueva York en menos de una hora!, escrito por Hugo Gernsback e ilustrador por Frank R. Paul en el número de noviembre de 1931 de Everyday Science and Mechanics. Esta propuesta de nave espacial alcanzaría una altitud de 700 millas en su viaje de una hora desde Berlín a Nueva York. El artículo señala que «la tremenda aceleración de la aeronave durante los primeros minutos haría las cosas bastante incómodas para los pasajeros.» La refrigeración artificial evitaría que los pasajeros y la nave se calentaran demasiado en la reentrada. Un problema principal es resolver el peso del combustible necesario para el viaje.

Français : « De Berlin à New-York en moins d'une heure ». Article d'Hugo Gernsback illustré par Frank R. Paul. magazine Everyday Science and Mechanics : volume 2, numéro 12 (novembre 1931). Le vaisseau décrit dans l'article monte à une altitude de 1 100 km au cours de son voyage de Berlin à New-York, selon l'auteur « L'accélération énorme du vaisseau dans les premières minutes du vol sera plutôt inconfortable pour les passagers ».

Nederlands: Kaft van het november 1931 nummer van het tijdschrift Everyday Science and Mechanics waarop een futuristisch ruimteschip is afgebeeld die passagiers in één uur tijd van Berlijn naar New York zou gaan vervoeren. De illustratie is van de hand van Hugo Gernsback.

한국어: "한 시간도 안 걸려 베를린에서 뉴욕까지!" 휴고 건스백이 글을 쓰고, 프랭크 R. 폴이 그림을 그린 과학 소설. "Everyday Science and Mechanics" 1931년 11월호에 실렸다.

日本語：ヒューゴー・ガーンズバック著、フランク・R・ポール挿絵による記事「ベルリンからニューヨークまで1時間以下!」。エブリデー・サイエンス・アンド・メカニックス1931年11月号所載。ここで提案された宇宙船は、ベルリンからニューヨークまでの1時間の飛行中、高度700マイルまで上昇する。記事には「最初の数分間、飛行体にかかる巨大な加速度は旅客にとっては不快なものとなろう」とある。大気圏再突入時には人工的に冷却を行うことで旅客や船体が過度に高温になることを防ぐ。大きな課題は、飛行に必要な燃料の重さである。

中文： 1931年11月《每日科学和机械》杂志封面，雨果·根斯巴克发表文章“柏林到纽约小于1小时！”，弗兰克·保罗绘制插图。设计中的飞船将在700英里高空飞行，在1个小时从柏林飞抵纽约。文中提到，飞船起飞的最初几分钟，巨大的加速度将使乘客感到不适。人工制冷系统将防止乘客和飞船过热。一个需要解决的问题是旅行所需的燃料的重量。

Licensing

This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1929 and 1963, and although there may or may not have been a copyright notice, the copyright was not renewed. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart and the copyright renewal logs. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (70 years p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 years p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 years p.m.a.), Mexico (100 years p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 years p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

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Width	2,550 px
Height	3,413 px
Compression scheme	LZW
Pixel composition	RGB
Orientation	Normal
Number of components	3
Horizontal resolution	150 dpi
Vertical resolution	150 dpi
Data arrangement	chunky format
Software used	Adobe Photoshop Elements 5.0 Windows
File change date and time	21:08, 2 February 2009
Color space	sRGB

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