!["No intrinsic magnetism has yet been discovered at Venus. This cartoon shows the orbits and trajectories (approximately to scale, following Futaana et al. 2017) of the first magnetometer flyby by Mariner 2 and of the three missions (Venera 4, Pioneer Venus Orbiter, and Venus Express) that supplied the most stringent constraints currently available on our models of Venus’s intrinsic magnetism. Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Venus Express placed the most precise upper limit so far on the total magnetic moment of Venus, which is at least ∼105" role="presentation" style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;">∼105∼105 times lower than Earth’s modern magnetic moment. Venera 4 collected magnetometer data until ∼25 km" role="presentation" style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;">∼25 km∼25 km above Eistla Regio (19∘N 38∘E" role="presentation" style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;">19∘N 38∘E19∘N 38∘E)—but no other mission made relevant magnetometer measurements below the ionosphere. The southern hemisphere is unexplored magnetically—strong, horizontally coherent magnetization there is possible. Crustal remanent magnetization at horizontal scales smaller than orbital altitudes could exist almost anywhere on the surface"[1]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/11214_2023_956_Fig10_HTML.webp)
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Summary
| Description |
"No intrinsic magnetism has yet been discovered at Venus. This cartoon shows the orbits and trajectories (approximately to scale, following Futaana et al. 2017) of the first magnetometer flyby by Mariner 2 and of the three missions (Venera 4, Pioneer Venus Orbiter, and Venus Express) that supplied the most stringent constraints currently available on our models of Venus’s intrinsic magnetism. Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Venus Express placed the most precise upper limit so far on the total magnetic moment of Venus, which is at least ∼105" role="presentation" style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;">∼105∼105 times lower than Earth’s modern magnetic moment. Venera 4 collected magnetometer data until ∼25 km" role="presentation" style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;">∼25 km∼25 km above Eistla Regio (19∘N 38∘E" role="presentation" style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;">19∘N 38∘E19∘N 38∘E)—but no other mission made relevant magnetometer measurements below the ionosphere. The southern hemisphere is unexplored magnetically—strong, horizontally coherent magnetization there is possible. Crustal remanent magnetization at horizontal scales smaller than orbital altitudes could exist almost anywhere on the surface"[1] |
| Date | |
| Source | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-023-00956-0/figures/10 |
| Author | O’Rourke, J.G., Wilson, C.F., Borrelli, M.E. et al. |
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- ↑ O’Rourke, Joseph G. (2023). "Venus, the Planet: Introduction to the Evolution of Earth’s Sister Planet". Space Science Reviews 219 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. DOI:10.1007/s11214-023-00956-0. ISSN 0038-6308.
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