Edmond Chang | |
---|---|
Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois | |
Assumed office December 20, 2010 | |
Appointed by | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | Elaine E. Bucklo |
Personal details | |
Born | Edmond E-Min Chang October 1970 (age 53) New York City, New York, U.S. |
Education | University of Michigan (BSE) Northwestern University (JD) |
Edmond E-Min Chang (born October 1970) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.
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How heart valve replacement surgery is carried out
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A onda conservadora, de Felipe Demier e Rejane Hoeveler
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Did ancient Troy really exist? - Einav Zamir Dembin
Transcription
This animation will show how heart valve replacement surgery is used to replace a diseased or damaged heart valve. Click the navigation arrows below the animation screen to play, pause, rewind or fast-forward the animation. This animation contains sound. Your heart lies in the centre of your chest. It pumps blood containing oxygen from the lungs to the body, and passes blood without oxygen back to the lungs to absorb more oxygen. To do this effectively, your heart is divided into four compartments (chambers). There are two chambers on the right side of the heart and two on the left. Blood vessels pass blood to and from the heart. Between the compartments of the heart there are valves which ensure that blood flows in one direction only. If one or more valves in your heart are not working properly, blood doesn't flow through your heart correctly. There are two problems that can affect the heart valves. The valve may not close properly, so blood leaks backwards in the wrong direction, known as valve insufficiency, or incompetence, as shown here. The valve may become narrowed, so blood can't flow easily, known as valve stenosis. Both put extra strain on the heart. Surgery can replace or repair a diseased or damaged valve. Valve replacement is carried out under a general anaesthetic, which means that you will be asleep during the procedure and feel no pain. A cut is made down the middle of the breastbone (sternum) and the ribcage is opened so the surgeon can reach the heart. Medication is used to temporarily stop the heart. The blood is then re-routed to a heart-lung bypass machine. This takes over from the heart and lungs, and adds oxygen to the blood and maintains circulation. The surgeon will remove the diseased valve and stitch the replacement valve in place. There are two types; mechanical valves, which are artificial manufactured valves, and biological valves, which are made from human or animal tissue (usually from pigs). After the graft is attached, the heart is restarted with controlled electrical shocks and the sternum is rejoined using wires. The skin on the chest is closed with dissolvable stitches. This is the end of the animation. Click on the animation screen to watch it again.
Early life and education
Chang was born in New York City to immigrants from Taiwan,[1] He earned a Bachelor of Science in Engineering degree in aerospace engineering in 1991 from the University of Michigan and a Juris Doctor in 1994 from Northwestern University School of Law.[2]
Career
From 1994 until 1995, Chang served as a law clerk for Judge James L. Ryan of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.[2] From 1995 to 1997, Chang served as a law clerk for Judge Marvin Aspen of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.[2][3] From 1997 to 1999, Chang served as an associate at the Chicago headquarters office of the global law firm Sidley Austin.[2] In 1999, Chang became an assistant United States attorney in Chicago, serving as a deputy chief of general crimes from 2004 until 2005 and as the chief of appeals for the Criminal Division from 2005 to 2010.[2][3]
Federal judicial service
In 2009, Chang submitted an application to an Illinois screening committee for one of three federal district judgeship vacancies. On April 21, 2010, President Barack Obama nominated Chang to a federal judgeship to fill the seat vacated by Judge Elaine E. Bucklo, who assumed senior status on October 31, 2009.[4] On December 18, 2010, the United States Senate confirmed Chang by unanimous consent. He received his commission on December 20, 2010.[3]
See also
References
- ^ "TAP-Chicago presents – Lunar Ball 2014".
- ^ a b c d e President Obama Names Five to the United States District Court, whitehouse.gov (April 21, 2010).
- ^ a b c Edmond E. Chang at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
- ^ Presidential Nominations Sent to the Senate, 4/21/10, whitehouse.gov (April 21, 2010).
External links
- Edmond E. Chang at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
- Edmond E. Chang at Ballotpedia