| Illyrian campaign against the Balkans | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Illyrians | Molossians | ||||||
|
Supported by: Syracusans |
Supported by: Thessalians Macedonians Spartans Thracians Dacia | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Illyrian king (most likely Bardylis) Dionysius I Alcetas I |
Pro-Spartan Molossian dynast Agesilaus II Hebryzelmis | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|
7,000 Illyrians 2,000 Syracuse soldiers |
5,000 Spartans 10,000 Epirotes 7,000 Macedonians 3,000 Thessalians c. 5,000 Thracians c. 5,000 Dacians | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Less than 3000 |
50,000 in total 15,000 Molossians, more than 30,000 Macedonians, Thessalians, Spartans, Thracians and Dacians | ||||||
The Illyrian invasion against the Balkans in Epirus,Macedonia,Thessaly,Thrace and Dacia occurred in 385 BC. Illyrians, led most likely by king Bardylis, were supported by Dionysius I of Syracuse who was aiming to expand his influence in the eastern Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, and by Alcetas I of Epirus who was expelled from his land by the Molossian pro-Spartan party and exiled in Syracuse.[3]
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Transcription
History
In 385 BC, Alcetas of Epirus was a refugee in Syracuse for unknown reasons. The tyrant of Syracuse, Dionysius, wanted a friendly monarch in Epirus, so he sent 2,000 Greek hoplites and 500 suits of Greek armour to help the Illyrians, who at that time were led by king Bardyllis, for their battles with the Molossians in Epirus. Attackers killed about 15,000 Molossian warriors. Alcetas was restored to the throne, but the Illyrians didn't stop there. They continued pillaging throughout Epirus and parts of Greece. Dionysius joined them in an attempt to plunder the temple of Delphi. Then, Sparta, supported by Thessaly and Macedonians, intervened under Agesilaus, and expelled the Illyrians and the Syracusan warriors.[4]
See also
References
- ^ Malkin 1998, p. 247; Howe 2017, p. 103
- ^ Malkin 1998, p. 247
- ^ Malkin 1998, p. 247; Castiglioni 2007, p. 174; Lane Fox 2011, p. 225; King 2017, p. 57 Howe 2017, p. 103.
- ^ Diodorus, Siculus. "Fifteenth book".
Bibliography
- Castiglioni, Maria Paola (2007). "Genealogical Myth and Political Propaganda in Antiquity: the Re-Use of Greek Myths from Dionysius to Augustus". In Carvalho, Joaquim (ed.). Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence. Edizioni Plus. ISBN 978-88-8492-464-3.
- Howe, T. (2017). "Plain tales from the hills: Illyrian influences on Argead military development". In Müller, S.; Howe, Tim; Bowden, H.; Rollinger, R. (eds.). The History of the Argeads: New Perspectives. Wiesbaden. ISBN 978-3447108515.
- King, Carol J. (2017). Ancient Macedonia. Routledge. ISBN 9780415827287.
- Lane Fox, R. (2011). "399–369 BC". In Lane Fox, R. (ed.). Brill's Companion to Ancient Macedon: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC – 300 AD. Leiden: Brill. pp. 209–234. ISBN 978-90-04-20650-2.
- Malkin, Irad (1998). The Returns of Odysseus: Colonization and Ethnicity. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520920262.
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This page was last edited on 14 April 2024, at 18:54