Carychiinae

Carychiinae

Apertural view of a shell of Carychium minimum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Heterobranchia
Order:	Ellobiida
Superfamily:	Ellobioidea
Family:	Ellobiidae
Subfamily:	Carychiinae Jeffreys, 1830
Synonyms^[1]
Carychiidae Jeffreys, 1830 (original rank) Zospeidae Brusina, 1886

Carychiinae is a taxonomic subfamily of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.^[1]

Taxonomy

Carychiinae is part of the family Ellobiidae (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).^[2]

Some authors consider Carychiidae as a separate family.^[3]

Genera

Genera within the subfamily Carychiinae include:

Carychiella Strauch, 1977
Carychiopsina Kadolsky, 2020 †
Carychiopsis Sandberger, 1872 †
Carychium O. F. Müller, 1773 - type genus of the subfamily Carychiinae^[2]^[4]^[5]
Koreozospeum Jochum, Prozorova, Sharyi-ool & Páll-Gergely, 2015 ^[6]
Ovicarychium Kadolsky, 2020 †
Turricarychium Kadolsky, 2020 †
Zospeum Bourguignat, 1856 ^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]
Zuella Kadolsky, 2020 †

Ecology

One lineage of the Ellobioidea, the Carychiidae has successfully accomplished a complete transition onto land.^[3] Extant carychiid snails inhabit aphotic and permanently wet epigean (Carychium) or subterranean (Zospeum) environments throughout their Holarctic distribution.^[3] This dramatic shift from a marine to a terrestrial habitat has occurred independently of the stylommatophoran land-snails of the Eupulmonata.^[3]

References

^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[11] ^[12] ^[6] ^[8] ^[9] ^[10] ^[7]

^ ^a ^b MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Carychiinae Jeffreys, 1830. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=412660 on 2020-07-29
^ ^a ^b Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Weigand A. M., Jochum A., Slapnik R., Schnitzler J., Zarza E. & Klussmann-Kolb A. (2013). "Evolution of microgastropods (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae): integrating taxonomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary hypotheses". BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 18.doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-18.
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., Ruthensteiner, B., Kampschulte, M., Martels, G., Kneubühler, J., & Favre, A. (2018). Fulfilling the taxonomic consequence after DNA Barcoding: Carychium panamaense sp. n.(Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae) from Panama is described using computed tomographic (CT) imaging. ZooKeys, (795), 1.(PDF)
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., Weigand, A. M., Bochud, E., Inäbnit, T., Dörge, D. D., Ruthensteiner, B., ... & Kampschulte, M. (2017). Three new species of Carychium OF Müller, 1773 from the Southeastern USA, Belize and Panama are described using computer tomography (CT)(Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). ZooKeys, (675), 97.(PDF)
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., Prozorova, L., Sharyi-ool, M., & Páll-Gergely, B. (2015). A new member of troglobitic Carychiidae, Koreozospeum nodongense gen. et sp. n.(Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea) is described from Korea. ZooKeys, (517), 39.(PDF)
^ ^a ^b Inäbnit, T., Jochum, A., Kampschulte, M., Martels, G., Ruthensteiner, B., Slapnik, R., ... & Neubert, E. (2019). An integrative taxonomic study reveals carychiid microsnails of the troglobitic genus Zospeum in the Eastern and Dinaric Alps (Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychiinae). Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 19(2), 135-177.
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., Prieto, C. E., Kampschulte, M., Martels, G., Ruthensteiner, B., Vrabec, M., ... & de Winter, A. J. (2019). Re-evaluation of Zospeum schaufussi von Frauenfeld, 1862 and Z. suarezi Gittenberger, 1980, including the description of two new Iberian species using Computer Tomography (CT)(Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). ZooKeys 835: 65–86.(PDF)
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., De Winter, A. J., Weigand, A. M., Gómez, B., & Prieto, C. (2015). Two new species of Zospeum Bourguignat, 1856 from the Basque-Cantabrian Mountains, Northern Spain (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). ZooKeys, (483), 81.(PDF)
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., Slapnik, R., Klussmann-Kolb, A., Páll-Gergely, B., Kampschulte, M., Martels, G., ... & Weigand, A. M. (2015). Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology, 16, 123-165.
^ ^a ^b Weigand, A. (2013). New Zospeum species (Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae) from 980 m depth in the Lukina Jama–Trojama cave system (Velebit Mts., Croatia). Subterranean Biology, 11, 45.
^ ^a ^b Jochum, A., Weigand, A. M., Slapnik, R., Valentinčič, J., & Prieto, C. E. (2012). The microscopic ellobioid, Zospeum Bourguignat, 1856 (Pulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae) makes a big debut in Basque Country and the province of Burgos (Spain). MalaCo, 8, 400-403.(PDF)