Battle of Yashima

Battle of Yashima

Battle of Yashima folding screens

Date	March 22, 1185
Location	Yashima, just off Shikoku in the Seto Inland Sea 34°20′44.2″N 134°7′20.4″E / 34.345611°N 134.122333°E / 34.345611; 134.122333
Result	Minamoto victory

Belligerents

Minamoto clan

Taira clan

Commanders and leaders

Minamoto no Yoshitsune

Taira no Munemori
Taira no Noritsune^[1]^{: 122–125}

Strength

140 ships, 1,000 Cavalry, 30,000 horses^[2]

Unknown

Casualties and losses

Satō Tsugunobu

Unknown

Location within Japan

v t e Genpei War
1st Uji Nara Ishibashiyama Fujikawa Sunomata-gawa Yahagi-gawa Hiuchi Kurikara Pass Shinohara Mizushima Fukuryūji Muroyama Hōjūjidono 2nd Uji Awazu Ichi-no-Tani Kojima Yashima Dan-no-ura

Battle of Yashima (屋島の戦い) was one of the battles of the Genpei War on March 22, 1185, in the Heian period. It occurred in Sanuki Province (Shikoku), which is now Takamatsu, Kagawa.

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Transcription

Background

Following a long string of defeats, the Taira clan retreated to Yashima, today's Takamatsu, just off the coast of Shikoku. Here they had a fortress, and an improvised palace for Emperor Antoku and the imperial regalia, which they had taken earlier in the war.

Battle

On the 18th, a Minamoto force tried to cross the sea but many of the boats were damaged in a storm. Kajiwara Kagetoki then suggested adding "reverse oars" to the boats, which prompted an argument from Minamoto no Yoshitsune. Finally after the boats were repaired and despite the high winds, Yoshitsune departed with only five of the 200 boats carrying about 150 of his men. After arriving in Tsubaki Bay, in Awa Province. Yoshitsune then advanced into Sanuki Province through the night reaching the bay with the Imperial Palace at Yashima, and the houses in Mure and Takamatsu.^[3]

The Taira were expecting a naval attack, and so Yoshitsune lit bonfires on Shikoku, essentially in their rear, fooling the Taira into believing that a large force was approaching on land. They abandoned their palace, and took to their ships, along with Emperor Antoku and the imperial regalia.^[4]

In a memorable account in the Heike monogatari, a "very beautiful lady" in a Heike boat, placed a fan atop a pole, and dared the Minamoto to knock it off. In one of the most famous archery feats in all of Japanese history, Nasu no Yoichi rode out into the sea on horseback, and did just that in one shot.^[1] The Minamoto were victorious, but the majority of the Taira fleet escaped to Dan-no-ura, where they were defeated one month later in the Battle of Dan-no-ura.^[5]^[6]

Gallery

Location of the battlefield
Movement of Minamoto forces in blue
Battle movement at Yashima
Nasu no Yoichi firing his famous shot at a fan atop the mast of a Taira ship. From a hanging scroll, Watanabe Museum, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.
Battle of Yashima by Utagawa Kunisada

References

^ ^a ^b The Tales of the Heike. Translated by Burton Watson. Columbia University Press. 2006. pp. 126–130. ISBN 9780231138031.
^ Japanese Wiki page: On August 7, 1184: 1000 Cavalry departed Kamakura. August 27, 1184, Minamoto no Noriyori entered Kyoto and was appointed as a follow-up messenger, and on September 1, he left Kyoto for Kyushu with more than 30,000 horses.
^ Sato, Hiroaki (1995). Legends of the Samurai. Overlook Duckworth. pp. 130–132. ISBN 9781590207307.
^ Sansom, George (1958). A History of Japan to 1334. Stanford University Press. pp. 301–302. ISBN 0804705232.
^ Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. Cassell & Co. p. 204. ISBN 1854095234.
^ Turnbull, Stephen (1977). The Samurai, A Military History. MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc. pp. 72–78. ISBN 0026205408.

This page was last edited on 3 February 2024, at 13:18

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