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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
arsenic pentachloride
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| Other names
arsenic(v) chloride
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| AsCl5 | |
| Molar mass | 252.1866 g/mol |
| Melting point | −50 °C (−58 °F; 223 K) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H280, H350, H361, H370, H372 | |
| P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P307+P311, P308+P313, P314, P321, P405, P410+P403, P501 | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
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[1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3[1] |
REL (Recommended)
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Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)][1] |
| Structure | |
| Trigonal Bipyramidal (D3h) | |
| Related compounds | |
Related group 5 chlorides
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Phosphorus pentachloride Antimony pentachloride |
Related compounds
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Arsenic pentafluoride Arsenic trichloride Arsenic pentoxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Arsenic pentachloride is a chemical compound of arsenic and chlorine.[2] This compound was first prepared in 1976 through the UV irradiation of arsenic trichloride, AsCl3, in liquid chlorine at −105 °C.[3] AsCl5 decomposes at around −50 °C. The structure of the solid was finally determined in 2001.[4] AsCl5 is similar to phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5 in having a trigonal bipyramidal structure where the equatorial bonds are shorter than the axial bonds (As-Cleq = 210.6 pm, 211.9 pm; As-Clax= 220.7 pm).
The pentachlorides of the elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl5 appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed the lanthanide contraction.
YouTube Encyclopedic
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AsF5 Molecular Geometry and Bond Angles (Arsenic Pentafluoride).
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5 of the World's Most Dangerous Chemicals
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AsBr5 Lewis Dot Structure - Polar or Nonpolar, Hybridization, Bond Angle Arsenic Pentabromide
Transcription
Let's take a look at the molecular geometry and bond angles for AsF5. We'll start by looking at the Lewis structure for AsF5. We have an Arsenic atom surrounded by 5 Fluorine atoms. We use the AXN notation to determine the molecular geometry. A, that's the central atom, in this case Arsenic; X, that's the number of atoms bonded to that central atom. We have 5, five Fluorines, and N, that's the nonbonding electron pairs. Here we don't have any nonbonding electron pairs on the central atom, so we won't worry about N. Looking at our table here, we go down and find AX5, that means that our molecule here, AsF5, is going to have a trigonal bipyramidal shape. The bond angles will be 120 and 90. For the trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry, this angle right here is going to be 90 degrees, and that's the same as this angle right here. So those are both 90 degrees. Along this angle right here, we have 120 degrees. That's the same angle as this one here, and then right here. So that's the molecular geometry for AsF5, and the bond angles. I'm Dr. B., and thanks for watching.
References
- ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ^ K. Seppelt (1976). "Arsenic Pentachloride, AsCl5". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 15 (6): 377–378. doi:10.1002/anie.197603771.
- ^ Haupt S, Seppelt K (2002). "Solid State Structures of AsCl5 and SbCl5". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 628 (4): 729–734. doi:10.1002/1521-3749(200205)628:4<729::AID-ZAAC729>3.0.CO;2-E.
This page was last edited on 9 November 2023, at 00:28