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Alexander of Menteith (d. bef. 1306), a Scottish nobleman and member of the Stewart family, he was the Earl of Menteith.
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Tales of William Wallace [Full Documentary]
James I of Scotland
Transcription
His reputation cuts like a broadsword
through medieval folklore.
His name echoes through Scotland
and into the hearts of its people.
His deeds represent
an unbending commitment
to his country's fierce independence.
A man who died a martyr
and became a legend.
He has great nobility
in what he sets out to do
even though he sets out to do
what he does for different reasons
and he's just
a very exciting figure in history.
I mean. He was a Scottish patriot.
He was a rebel. A rebel with a cause.
Everything he did, he did with
great passion, whether it was loving,
or whether it was fighting,
or whether it was for his country.
He's a man of the people
and he was one of them.
But he had a real...
He had a real vision
for what the country could be
and he had a vision of...
Well ahead of his time.
William Wallace continues
to haunt the imagination
with a vision of freedom.
Liberty and independence.
But who was this man?
For nearly 700 years
a debate has existed about
many events in William Wallace's life
and his role
in Scotland's turbulent history.
Was he truly Braveheart. The bold
but savage hero of the Scottish wars
or. As some accounts have attested.
Was he nothing but an outlaw
and a traitor to England?
William Wallace was a heroic figure
but he was also a man.
The real question is.
Where does the truth end
and the legend begin?
The name William Wallace
has become synonymous
with heroic resistance
against oppression.
The legend which surrounds him
shares common characteristics
with other great mythical figures
whose stories were formed
by oral tradition
such as King Arthur and Robin Hood.
Motion pictures pick up
this custom of storytelling.
Causing the mythology to live on
in the public's consciousness.
Let this scrapper come to me.
Unlike other myths. Which are
less grounded in historical events.
Documented accounts
of William Wallace
appear between 1297 and 1305.
However. There has been such
an enormous amount of speculation
surrounding Wallace
from the 14th century on
that it is unclear when the man ends
and the myth begins.
One of the most significant resources
on the life on William Wallace
is the epic poem. The Wallace,
written by Henry the Minstrel.
Also known as Blind Harry.
Written over 150 years
after the death of Wallace.
This account of his life
became the second most popular book
in Scotland. After the Bible.
Harry wrote his epic poem
because the story of William Wallace
had almost been eradicated
from history.
There's also a lot of legend
that surrounds the character.
Mainly due to the writings
of Blind Harry. The minstrel.
Now, whether they're true or not
is a matter for debate, I suppose,
but they certainly are dramatic
and interesting.
Blind Harry claimed
that his poem was based
on the writings of Wallace's chaplain.
John Blair.
But no such manuscript
has ever been found.
Historians have shown
that Blind Harry's poetry
is a complex blend of some facts
with much fiction.
The question of the historical accuracy
of Braveheart is one that...
That always makes me laugh.
When we're creating something.
When we're in the business
of storytelling
we're in a process of myth-making
for which the audience. The listeners.
Are just as crucial as the speakers.
They respond to the story
in a certain way.
I wasn't looking to describe facts,
or numbers,
or to quantify William Wallace.
I wanted to capture a spirit and a feeling
that I had had
when movies had changed my life.
Most generations of Scots are very
familiar with the tale of William Wallace
through such authors
as Sir Walter Scott
and Scotland's
national poet Robert Burns.
But because of the widespread success
and popular acclaim
of the motion picture Braveheart,
his story is now known
to audiences around the world.
This Academy Award-winning film
created a powerful interpretation
of who William Wallace was.
But to find a more complex
understanding of the Scottish hero
we must dig deeper
into the layers of myth
through the words
of medieval chroniclers
and historical figures of Wallace's time.
We can further unearth the history
of the man and the country he died for.
Seven hundred years ago
Scotland was sparsely populated.
Most families lived in the countryside
struggling to scrape a living
off the rugged harsh land.
People rarely traveled
more than a few miles
from the clusters of homes
where they lived.
The country is difficult
and hard to travel over.
To a man on horseback. The hills
are impassible. Save here and there.
They didn't have much in those days,
they lived off the land,
they didn't have a lot of tools,
they certainly didn't have the resources.
They built low to the ground
for weather purposes and sides of hills.
There was no central heating.
The clothes they wore
were not that warm,
disease is obviously running rampant
at that point.
When you look at the people.
You really wondered.
"How did they exist?"
They actual dwellings of Scots,
and towns, and things,
how primitive it really was.
It was just, like, stone,
almost just out of the cave.
I mean.
They didn't even have fireplaces.
They just had holes in the roof.
Very little is known
about William Wallace's family
and life before his appearance
in the military accounts of 1297.
Historians are not even sure
where or when Wallace was born.
But many believe that he was born
around 1270. in the village of Elderslie.
For he was come of gentlemen.
In simple state he was then:
His father was a manly knight.
His mother was a lady bright:
Unfortunately.
Tragedy struck early in Wallace's life
when his father and possibly a brother
were killed in a battle
against the English.
Around this time.
Young Wallace was taken
to live with his uncle. Who was a cleric.
To Ellerslie he and his Mother went.
She on the Morrow for her Brother sent.
Who told her
to her Sorrow. Grief and Pain.
Her Husband
and her elder Son were slain.
Through the writings of Blind Harry
it is implied that Wallace became
a well-educated man.
Paisley Abbey
is believed to be the place
where Wallace
received his early schooling.
He was thought to have learned
several languages.
Including Latin and French.
However. The hardships of the time
might have led Wallace
to become an outlaw.
Numerous English sources refer to him
as a common criminal.
Partly to discredit his role in history.
William Wallace has been
characterized as a thief
and was certainly seen as one
by the English.
I asked myself, at times,
how you would view the Scots
and the whole Scottish movement
from the other side.
From the English perspective,
the Scots were this troublesome race.
Most historians and storytellers agree
that Wallace was a large man.
Although we have neither a drawing
nor painting of him from his time.
A broadsword thought to be his.
Currently on display
in the Wallace monument.
Boasts a sizable length
of over five-and-a-half feet.
"I never believed
that William Wallace was 6'8"
or nearly seven feet tall
or any of those things.
I did imagine him
being somewhat blond.
I thought of him originally as 28. 29.
When I started writing the story.
Because that was the age
he would have been
and I saw him in an almost Nordic,
Viking, mythological way.
I never wrote the story
with Mel Gibson in mind.
I never really write anything
with an actor in mind.
But once it was done.
The only guy I could imagine playing him
was Mel Gibson.
Wallace must have been
incredibly strong.
If you lived past the age of 30,
you know. You were a superman.
You know?
In 1285 the Scottish people
were looking back
over many years
of peace and prosperity.
For more than 30 years
their country had been ruled
by King Alexander III.
Inaugurated at the age of eight.
His reign as King of Scots was absolute.
No country. Not even the hostile.
Neighboring England.
Could dispute his authority.
However. The death of Alexander's wife
and all three of his children
within just a few years
made the question of the succession
one of pressing importance.
It was essential that the King have
a healthy heir to avoid bitter quarrels
about who should succeed him
as the ruler of Scotland.
In October 1285.
Alexander married a young
French noblewoman. Yolande of Dreux.
The leaders of Scottish society rejoiced.
There seemed every reason
for Scotland to look forward
to further times of peace and prosperity.
Unfortunately.
That would not be the case.
In March of 1286. King Alexander set off
from his Edinburgh castle to join his
new wife at his royal manor in Kinghom.
He rode on horseback on a stormy night
refusing to listen
to those who told him not to travel.
The next day he was found dead
with his neck broken.
Officially. He had fallen from his horse
but foul play was suspected.
After Alexander's death.
The country was calm
and relations with England prevailed
until the death
of Alexander's young daughter.
And only heir. Margaret. In 1290.
Because there was still no king
to rule over Scotland
a competition suddenly arose
for the crown.
Two of the strongest claimants
were John Balliol and Robert the Bruce.
Both men began styling themselves
as heir of Scotland.
England seized the opportunity
to wield its political might
and to interfere in Scottish affairs.
King Edward I had ruled England
since 1272.
Popularly known as Longshanks.
He was an imposing figure of a man.
Able to inspire his troops
with his stature and physical presence.
It was not a surprise
when he set his sights on Scotland.
Nobles are the key
to the door of Scotland.
Longshanks spent most
of his reign as king procuring Scotland
and getting that within his realm.
So that he had control of that.
He spent a long time doing it
and did subdue Scotland
because he was a very strong king,
he was a brilliant general. A strategist'
and Machiavellian.
He knew how to work these things.
A very interesting man.
He founded a thing called
the Model Parliament
as a direct result of which
we now have the houses of Parliament.
Another of Edward's ambitions
is to have France.
He engineered this marriage
between a French princess
and his homosexual son
for the matter of political convenience
and aggrandizement
of his own territory.
I did further research
and was trying to refine other elements
about what an affectionate view that
British historians have of Longshanks.
They view him as...
As one of their greatest kings.
In the meantime.
The Scottish Parliament
chose six leading men
to temporarily rule the country.
Known as the Guardians of Scotland.
They were the de facto heads of state
during this turbulent time.
Fearing a civil war.
They wrote in despair to King Edward.
There is a fear of a general war
and a large-scale slaughter
unless God. Through your act
of involvement and good offices.
Administer a quick cure.
In response to their plea.
King Edward's terms included
choosing the next ruler of Scotland
and only if he would be recognized
as Lord Paramount.
The feudal superior of their realm.
After some initial resistance.
This precondition was finally accepted.
In 1292.
Edward presided over a feudal court
where judgment was given in favor of
John Balliol over Robert the Bruce.
Crowned on
the Scottish Stone of Destiny.
Balliol swore allegiance
to the king of England.
However. His loyalty to Edward
would not last long.
You have come
with a vast crowd of soldiers
and committed acts of slaughter
and burning.
We cannot any longer endure
these insults
and we renounce the fealty and homage
which we have done to you.
In 1296
King John Balliol renounced the crown
and was imprisoned
in the Tower of London.
All landholders in Scotland
were now required
to swear an oath of homage to Edward
and he ruled Scotland like a province
through English viceroys.
Opposition began springing up
all over Scotland.
The threat of civil war was over.
It was now a war for independence.
William Wallace materializes
in the history books in May of 1297
when he kills
the English sheriff of Lanark.
William Wallace's first appearance
on the historical stage
was in, what some people refer to as,
a riot in Lanark
that had to do with a woman
that he was either engaged to
or married to secretly.
That... There are various legends
and no one knows.
You'd. Sort of.
Try to extract the historical record.
But there's no real hard historical data.
Her name, in Scottish tradition,
was Marion Braidfute.
And Robin Hood was not so distant
when I had started writing Braveheart.
I just didn't want to have
the love of his life be named Marion.
Some accounts suggest that the Sheriff
of Lanark was attracted to Marion
and provoked an incident
leading to the riot and her demise.
Others suggest Marion's death
was in retaliation for a fight
in which Wallace and his men
maimed and killed English soldiers.
She's killed ultimately in a marketplace
in front of a large crowd
and William hears about it
and then takes his revenge.
From time all those people
who hated the English
flocked to him
and he became their leader.
He was wondrously brave and bold.
This story may explain
Wallace's act of vengeance.
However. There is no concrete evidence
for the existence of Marion Braidfute.
Whose name. It has been suggested.
Was suspiciously close
to the family name
of one of Blind Harry's neighbors.
At the time of the Sheriff's murder.
English control of Scotland
was starting to slip away.
Robert the Bruce
was also heavily involved
in the fight for Scottish independence.
In contrast to Wallace.
Bruce's actions during that time
showed an uncertainty about how to
achieve his family's political ambition.
And it's an interesting character
because he's... He wavers, he's...
He's, kind of, a bit of a lost soul.
So he's constantly drawn
to the darker aspects of compromise
and wealth and preserving the castles
and the lands which he has.
Along with all of
the other wealthy people in the country.
William Wallace
brought a fierce energy to the war.
He continued to kill English officials and
bum their buildings across Scotland.
Wallace was joined by knights as well
as peasants from all over the realm.
Outnumbered by the English army.
Wallace used guerilla tactics as a swift
and bloody way to defeat his enemy.
This ragtag army of Scots eventually
launched a daring raid on Scone.
The ancient center
for the crowning of Scottish kings.
This castle had become
the base of William Ormsby.
The English chief justice
who controlled the area.
Ormsby managed to escape
but left behind
all his valuable possessions that
were triumphantly seized by Wallace.
This incredible achievement
by the Scottish army
signaled that the English
were losing control over the country.
Our officials have been killed. Besieged.
Or imprisoned
or have abandoned their positions
and dare not go back.
No shire is properly ruled.
With King Edward preoccupied
in his war against the French
it was left to the Earl of Surrey
and Hugh Cressingham
to gather a huge army
to crush the Scottish resistance
especially that of Wallace.
One of the most decisive battles
for Scottish independence
took place on September 11. 1297.
This battle would go down
in Scottish history
as William Wallace's
greatest military victory.
That first Battle at Stirling
was actually called
the Battle of Stirling Bridge.
He had 2,000 against 10,000
and he won.
The Battle of Stirling was
not only a military victory for Wallace.
It was also a tactical victory
for the protection of Scotland.
The Battle of Stirling,
the Battle of Falkirk,
and the Battle of Bannockburn
were all within maybe
a 10-mile diameter of each other.
I believe the reason is that that's
the gateway up into the Highlands.
That there are the mountains
from the west on the Glasgow side.
And mountains from the east
in the Edinburgh side
and there's this great plain
that moves out there
from where Stirling Castle is
and opens up
and that that became
almost the agreed-upon battleground.
This is where we will fight
about who comes into Scotland
and who controls this region which is.
Like. The heartland of Scotland.
Before the battle took place.
Wallace had joined forces
with Scottish nobleman Andrew Moray.
Wallace and Moray were planning
to lay siege to Dundee castle.
Hearing about their objective.
The English Army headed north
with a superior force
that greatly outnumbered the Scots.
Wallace and Moray realized
they must gain a better position
against the enemy.
They decided to race to Scotland's
primary river-crossing at Stirling.
The English army knew
that they overwhelmingly
outnumbered the Scots.
They had archers.
Knights and plenty of cavalry.
It was unheard of that such a large
mounted force could ever be defeated.
In an act of confidence. The Earl
of Surrey and Hugh Cressingham
sent two Dominican friars
to the Scots encampment
to negotiate their surrender.
Wallace's reply was swift.
Go back and tell your people
that we have not come here for peace.
We are ready to fight to avenge
ourselves and free our country.
Let them come up to us
as soon as they like
and we shall prove this
in their very beards.
Wallace and Moray's forces
watched from a nearby hill
as the English army began crossing
over the narrow bridge.
Though they knew
the enemy was at hand.
They began to pass
over a bridge so narrow
that even two horsemen could scarcely
and with much difficulty
ride side by side.
When only a few thousand soldiers
had crossed over.
Wallace and Moray
moved down the hill and attacked.
A large body of spearmen
blocked the northern end of the bridge
so that no English could either
come across it or retire over it.
He had his carpenters undermine
the bridge the night before
and then he let the cavalry go through
and then he did the bridge
and separated them from the infantry.
These horrendous battles took place.
You know.
Actually taking somebody's head off
right in front of you.
Nowadays you fire a gun
or you use a missile.
It's, you know, totally...
Then it was personal, very personal.
Now, if you got that in full swing
and you got a thousand people
behind you pushing you,
you know,
and somebody comes up to you
with that swinging away,
I mean, you're gone.
The English knights could not maneuver
and the soldiers were driven back.
Killed. Wounded.
And drowned in the river.
The Earl of Surrey and the rest
of his army watched the slaughter
from the other side of the river.
Powerless to intervene.
The remainder of the English army fled
as Wallace attacked them
with his cavalry.
In the battle.
Several thousand English soldiers
and numerous knights were massacred.
The Battle of Stirling Bridge
was a remarkable victory.
It was the first time
that spear-carrying foot soldiers
defeated an army
with heavy cavalry and archers.
The English were now forced
to retreat from Scotland.
After the astounding victory
the English-held castles
at Stirling and Dundee surrendered.
Providing further success
for the Scottish forces.
The Scottish nobility named
William Wallace and Andrew Moray
as joint guardians of Scotland.
They would now fill
many of the responsibilities
of the imprisoned King John Balliol.
But not long after
the triumph at Stirling Bridge.
Andrew Moray died of injuries
received in that battle.
Wallace now became
the sole guardian of Scotland.
William Wallace. Knight.
Guardian of the King of Scotland
and commander of its army.
In the name of Lord John.
King of Scotland
by consent of the community
of the realm.
His aim was not power for himself.
But to restore King John Balliol
as ruler of an independent Scotland.
Self-aggrandizement
was not on the man's list.
I think he was truly interested in liberty
and loved his country
and he really just wanted to be free
and wanted freedom for his fellows.
I really don't think that
there was a lot of self-motive there.
Otherwise it would have been
more obvious in history.
However. Some chroniclers suggest
that the nobles were not enthusiastic
about giving their consent
to Wallace's guardianship.
He had very little regard for
the class system, or the caste system.
The nobility didn't phase him at all.
In fact. He used to pay
no attention to that whatsoever.
He'd just take the reigns
in his own hands
and sort of do it his way
and he'd lean on them.
They could not get together
and agree on anything.
He was ahead of his time in the fact that
he could see the unification of a country
and a nation and a bunch of
scattered tribes, as it were, and clans.
And he wanted to bring them together
and unite against the common enemy.
The only English garrisons remaining
were those in Edinburgh and Roxburgh.
Wallace was therefore free
to take his men on savage raids
through the north of England.
There. He did great damage
to the English holdings.
In October 1297. Wallace announced
his success against the English
in letters to Northern European ports.
Urging them to trade with Scotland.
Tell your merchants that they can have
safe access to all ports of Scotland
because the Kingdom of Scotland
has been recovered
from the power of the English.
Wallace was successful
against the English occupiers.
Unfortunately. His rule over the country
would be short.
In Early 1298. King Edward returned
from his French wars.
Taking the Scottish
military threat seriously.
He immediately gathered his army
and began advancing north.
Longshanks was determined to seek
revenge for the defeat at Stirling Bridge.
The English forces that Edward
assembled were impressive.
Over 2.000 horse and 12.000 infantry
which included archers. Knights.
And men armed with the longbow.
With only 8.000 men.
Wallace's army was outnumbered.
On July 22. 1298.
King Edward received intelligence
that Wallace had taken up position
in the wood of Callendar near Falkirk.
Only 13 miles away
from his encampment.
When hearing the news.
He was delighted.
As God lives. They need not pursue me.
For I will meet them this day.
With the woodland behind them.
Wallace's army prepared for battle.
He arranged his foot soldiers
in four great circles.
We'll make spears.
Hundreds of them.
Long spears, twice as long as a man.
With their spears pointing outwards.
The circles would be difficult
for the English cavalry to attack.
Wallace was the first person to really
stand up against these horse charges.
I think.
With the use of the schiltron which is
like wooden sharpened stakes.
They used to actually form in squares
or circles with these schiltrons
and keep horse and soldier out.
So that they really called the shots.
They could. Kind of. Like.
Group into a small thing
and have a porcupine skin
so nobody can gain access.
But when the English knights charged.
Their terrifying power caused the
Scottish cavalry to flee without a fight.
However. The schiltrons still held.
A rain of arrows poured into them.
Killing and wounding so many
that great gaps were left in the schiltron
allowing the English knights to charge.
Wallace had no recourse but to retreat.
There is controversy over
the suggestion by some storytellers
that Robert the Bruce
conspired with King Edward
to help defeat William Wallace
at Falkirk.
Apparently he did fight for the English.
Maybe not at that battle.
And that works dramatically,
but I'm sure it wasn't that battle
but I know that he did
fight for the English.
You know, swap allegiances,
because he had to, it was like extortion.
The nobility was famous
for just switching sides.
I mean. Whatever worked for them.
They'd do it.
Wallace's rise had been
due to his military skill and success.
So after the defeat at Falkirk.
He resigned as guardian
and mysteriously disappeared.
There are those parts of the legend
that in the lost years.
That William Wallace went to France
and even went as far as the Vatican
to intercede with the Pope
for help for Scotland.
In 1301. Wallace returned to Scotland
and became actively
involved in the resistance
against the English occupation.
Wallace refused to submit
to his oppressors.
Meanwhile. The Scottish nobles were
trying to make peace with King Edward.
In 1304. the Scottish Parliament
met at Saint Andrews
and declared Wallace an outlaw.
King Edward encouraged Wallace's
former allies to hunt him down.
A year later. Wallace was betrayed
and captured by a Scotsman.
John Menteith.
Governor of Dumbarton Castle.
Who handed him over to the English.
After being imprisoned
at Dumbarton Castle.
Wallace was taken to London
and led through jeering crowds
to Westminster Hall.
On August 23. 1305.
Wallace was denounced as a traitor
and an outlaw. And pronounced guilty.
He was then subjected
to the dreadful punishment
of hanging. Drawing and quartering.
He was torn from limb to limb.
His belly opened.
The heart and bowels burned to ashes
and his head cut off.
His body was cut into four parts. Each
hung by itself in memory of his name.
The quarters of Wallace's body
were distributed to Perth.
Berwick, Stirling and Newcastle
for display.
His fight for Scottish independence
had lasted only eight years.
After Wallace's savage execution
the political temperature
in Scotland was raised.
Years later. Scotland would fight
the English army once again.
This time. The Scottish forces
would be led by Robert the Bruce.
He spent the next 15 years
fighting against the English,
became a fugitive from the law.
His castles were taken away.
His lands were burned. His wife was put
in prison. His family was slaughtered
and eventually after, I think,
six attempts, became the king.
Longshanks was dead. And his son.
Edward ll. Was now King of England.
He was neither a strong soldier.
Nor an able leader.
His son was not a good king.
Within a year of Longshanks's death
he lost Scotland.
He lost it all, he blew it.
Isabel of France. With the assistance
of French mercenaries
that she brought over from France.
Made him abdicate the throne
and Parliament. The English Parliament.
Didn't like him. Either.
They made him get off the throne.
In fact, the English hated this king
so much that they killed him.
On June 24. 1314.
The battle of Bannockburn took place.
There. The Scottish army
defeated the English army.
And eventually
secured Scotland's independence.
After the victory.
Robert the Bruce was commonly called
King of Scots by all men
because he had acquired Scotland
by force of arms.
It is clear that Robert the Bruce
was not the natural successor
of William Wallace.
Both men deserve entirely separate
reputations as Scottish patriots.
Even though Wallace is considered to
have a smaller role in Scottish history.
His legendary tale continues
to reverberate through Scotland today.
The people of Scotland voted
on September 11. 1997.
To create a new Scottish Parliament.
This historic event took place
exactly 700 years
after William Wallace's victory
at Stirling Bridge
and signaled a new era
in self-rule for the country.
My father and I flew to Scotland
and the day we landed.
The Scottish Parliament had voted
devolution from the British Parliament
and the headlines on the papers were,
"Bravehearts win."
The Scottish people
have honored Wallace for centuries.
The number of place names.
Statues and memorials
found scattered over the countryside
attest to his enduring legacy.
Even though aspects of his story are
more heroic myth than historical fact.
There is no denying
William Wallace's role
in Scotland's proud
and turbulent history.
Alexander was the eldest son and heir of Walter Bailloch Stewart and Mary I, Countess of Menteith and was the Mormaer or Earl of Menteith succeeding his mother the de jure countess.[1] The first mention of him in records is with his brother John de Menteith in a compact dated on 20 September 1286, at Turnberry, Carrick, between Bruce and the Stewarts.[2] In another writ, of uncertain date, granted by their father to Kilwinning Abbey, he and his brother are styled Alexander and John de Menteith.[3] Alexander joined with his father in a charter granting the church of Kippen to the Cambuskenneth Abbey situated within the earldom as a place of burial; the writ being dated 1286.[4] He was appointed the Sheriff of Dumbarton in 1288. Prior to succeeding his father, Alexander was at Norham in 1291, and was among those who swore fealty to Edward I. Alexander was with his brother John at the Battle of Dunbar on 27 April 1296, and fled to Dunbar Castle where he and others were taken prisoner and he was committed to the Tower of London. His detention was not long, however, and he was liberated after promising to serve the English King, meeting with him at Elgin 27 July 1296.[2] He repeated this promise, and swore fealty at Berwick a month later, on 28 August, as Alexander Comes Meneteth.[5] Alexander then gave over two of his sons, Alan and Peter, as hostages.[1] Alexander seems to have retired from public life after this, tending only to his family affairs.[6] He died before 1306.[1]
Family
He married a lady named Matilda (Maud),[7] a daughter of Robert, Earl of Strathearn,[8] and together they had the following children:
Peter, who in 1296 was a hostage in England with his brother Alan. He accompanied King Edward to Flanders, and took part in the French campaign of 1297, where he may have been killed.[10]
Alan Durward = Margery of
E of Athol I Scotland
I
I
Colban = Anne = Sir William
E of Fife I Durward I de Ferrers
d. 1270 I I (2nd husband)
_______________I I___________________________________________________________
I I
I ______________________________________________________ I
I I I I I
I Alexander = Matilda Sir John de Menteith Elena = John I
I E of Menteith I of Strathearn I de Drummond I
I I __I______________________ I
I I I I I I I
I I John Walter Elena Joanna I
I I = Gillespie I
I I Campbell I
__I________ __I____________________________________________________ I
I I I I I I I I
Duncan Margery = Alan Murdoch Margaret Malise Elena = Sir William
E of I E of E of = Alexander de Menteith of I de Ferrers
Fife (d. 1289) I Menteith Menteith de Abernethy Methlick I d. 1325
I I I I
I ___I I I
I I I I
Duncan Alan Walter de Menteith Anne
E of E of Menteith of Methlick de Ferrers
Fife heir of Fife, 1315 d. aft 13 Jul 1364 = Edward le
I I Despenser
I I
Mary = Sir John John de Menteith
C of de Graham d. bef 1394
Menteith d. 1346
References
^ abcGeorge Edward Cokayne, The complete peerage; or, A history of the House of lords and all its members from the earliest times, Vol. VIII (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1932), p. 662
^Augustin Theiner, Vetera monumenta Hibernorum et Scotorum historiam illustrantia, (Rome: Vatican, 1864), p. 258
^Registrum Monasterii S. Marie de Cambuskenneth, A, Parts 1147-1535 (Edinburgh, 1872), p. cxxix
^Instrumenta publica sive processus super fidelitatibus et Homagiis Scotorum; Domino Regi Angliae Factis, A.D. MCCCXCI–MCCXCVI [Ragman Roll, Parts 1291-1296] (Edinburgh: 1834), pp. 103, 119
^The Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol VI (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1909), pp. 133–34
^George Edward Cokayne, The complete peerage; or, A history of the House of lords and all its members from the earliest times, Vol. VIII (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1932), p. 664
^ abcJ. Ravilious, The Earls of Menteith: Murdoch, Earl of Menteith and the Ferrers family of Groby, The Scottish Genealogist (March 2013), Vol. LX, No. 1, pp. 12-25
^George Edward Cokayne, The complete peerage; or, A history of the House of lords and all its members from the earliest times, Vol. VIII (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1932), p. 665
^ abcThe Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol VI (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1909), p. 134
^J. Ravilious, The Earls of Menteith: Alexander, Earl of Menteith and Sir Alexander de Abernethy, The Scottish Genealogist (September 2010), Vol. LVII, No. 3, pp. 130–139
Brown, Michael, The Wars of Scotland, 1214-1371, (Edinburgh, 2004)
J. Ravilious, The Earls of Menteith: Alexander, Earl of Menteith and Sir Alexander de Abernethy, The Scottish Genealogist (September 2010), Vol. LVII, No. 3, pp. 130–139.
J. Ravilious, The Earls of Menteith: Murdoch, Earl of Menteith and the Ferrers family of Groby, The Scottish Genealogist (March 2013), Vol. LX, No. 1, pp. 12–25.
This page was last edited on 13 January 2021, at 07:47