963

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	9th century 10th century 11th century
Decades:	940s 950s 960s 970s 980s
Years:	960 961 962 963 964 965 966

963 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Categories
Births Deaths Establishments Disestablishments

963 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	963 CMLXIII
Ab urbe condita	1716
Armenian calendar	412 ԹՎ ՆԺԲ
Assyrian calendar	5713
Balinese saka calendar	884–885
Bengali calendar	370
Berber calendar	1913
Buddhist calendar	1507
Burmese calendar	325
Byzantine calendar	6471–6472
Chinese calendar	壬戌年 (Water Dog) 3660 or 3453 — to — 癸亥年 (Water Pig) 3661 or 3454
Coptic calendar	679–680
Discordian calendar	2129
Ethiopian calendar	955–956
Hebrew calendar	4723–4724
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1019–1020
- Shaka Samvat	884–885
- Kali Yuga	4063–4064
Holocene calendar	10963
Iranian calendar	341–342
Islamic calendar	351–352
Japanese calendar	Ōwa 3 (応和３年)
Javanese calendar	863–864
Julian calendar	963 CMLXIII
Korean calendar	3296
Minguo calendar	949 before ROC 民前949年
Nanakshahi calendar	−505
Seleucid era	1274/1275 AG
Thai solar calendar	1505–1506
Tibetan calendar	阳水狗年 (male Water-Dog) 1089 or 708 or −64 — to — 阴水猪年 (female Water-Pig) 1090 or 709 or −63

Year 963 (CMLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

March 15 – Emperor Romanos II dies at age 25, probably of poison administered by his wife, Empress Theophano. He is succeeded by his infant son Basil II. Theophano becomes regent and de facto ruler, naming her other son Constantine VIII (only 3 years old) as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.^[1]
July 2 – Nikephoros II Phokas is proclaimed emperor by his troops in Caesarea. He sends a fleet to secure the Bosphorus Strait against his enemies. Chief minister Joseph Bringas gathers support and closes the gates of Constantinople. General Marianos Argyros is killed in a riot, forcing Bringas to flee.
August 16 – Nikephoros II makes a triumphal entry in Constantinople and is hailed as 'the conqueror'. He is crowned emperor in Hagia Sophia.
September 20 – Nikephoros II marries the former Byzantine consort Theophano, the widow of Emperor Romanos II, bolstering his legitimacy.^[2]

Gero I, margrave of Merseburg, campaigns against the Slavs. He forces Prince Mieszko I of the Polans in Poland to pay tribute to Emperor Otto I (the Great). He expands his territory, the Marca Geronis (March of Gero), to the mouth of the Oder River.^[3]
Sviatoslav I, Grand Prince of Kiev, begins a 2-year campaign in which he will defeat Khazar forces along the Don River – vanquish the Ossetes and the Circassians in the northern Caucasus. He also successfully attacks the Bulgars on the Volga River.
November – Otto arrives at Rome; Pope John XII and Adalbert II (co-ruler of Italy) flee to Campania, taking with them most of the Papal treasury. Otto is warmly received by the Roman citizens as 'liberator'.
December – King Berengar II (the father of Adalbert II) surrenders at the fortress of Montefeltro to German forces. He and his wife Willa are taken prisoner, and dispatched to Bamberg.
Luxembourg has her beginnings at Luxembourg Castle (located on the Bock), founded by Sigfried, count of the Ardennes.

The Chinese government of the Song Dynasty attempts to ban the practice of cremation; despite this decree, the lower and middle classes continue to cremate their dead, until the government resolves the problem in the 12th century, by establishing public graveyards for paupers.
The Nanping State, one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China, is forced to surrender, when invaded by armies of the Song Dynasty.

November 6 – Synod of Rome: Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica. John XII is deposed on charges that he has conducted himself dishonorably and instigated an armed rebellion against Otto.
December 6 – Pope Leo VIII is appointed to the office of Protonotary and begins his papacy as antipope of Rome – a reign with the concurrently deposed John XII.
The Monastery of Great Lavra at Mount Athos (northeastern Greece) is founded by the Byzantine monk Athanasius the Athonite.

^ Timothy Reuter (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 592. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
^ Ostrogorsky, George (1969). History of The Byzantine State. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. p. 284. ISBN 0-8135-0599-2.
^ Timothy Reuter (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 248. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.

This page was last edited on 8 January 2024, at 12:31