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2015 Valencia City Council election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2015 Valencia City Council election
← 2011 24 May 2015 2019 →
All 33 seats in the City Council of Valencia
17 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered582,804
0.5%
Turnout420,307 (72.1%)
2.7 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Rita Barberá Joan Ribó Fernando Giner
Party PP Compromís C's
Leader since 1991 7 May 2010 28 March 2015
Last election 20 seats, 52.5% 3 seats, 9.0% Did not contest
Seats won 10 9 6
Seat change
10
6
6
Popular vote 107,435 97,114 64,228
Percentage 25.8% 23.3% 15.4%
Swing
26.7 pp
14.3 pp 		New party
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Joan Calabuig Jordi Peris Amadeu Sanchis
Party PSPV–PSOE VALC Acord Ciutadà
Leader since 3 October 2010 10 April 2015 2004
Last election 8 seats, 21.8% Did not contest 2 seats, 8.7%[a]
Seats won 5 3 0
Seat change
3
3
2
Popular vote 58,338 40,927 19,639
Percentage 14.0% 9.8% 4.7%
Swing
7.8 pp 		New party
4.0 pp
Mayor before election

Rita Barberá
PP

Elected Mayor

Joan Ribó
Compromís

The 2015 Valencia City Council election, also the 2015 Valencia municipal election, was held on Sunday, 24 May 2015, to elect the 10th City Council of the municipality of Valencia. All 33 seats in the City Council were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.

The unveiling of a string of corruption scandals during the 2011–2015 period involving the party in power, coupled with allegations of abuse of power and perceived poor management of the economic situation, had taken its toll in the ruling People's Party (PP), which went on to suffer a dramatic decline, losing over half of its vote share and city councillors and scoring its worst result since 1991. The scope of the PP collapse was such that incumbent mayor Rita Barberá was quoted saying "¡Qué hostia!" amid tears (Spanish for "What a smack!") after learning of the results in election night. As a result, the election turned into a surprisingly close race with the Valencianist coalition Compromís, which scored a strong second place. The Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV–PSOE), unable to capitalize on the PP losses, continued its long-term decline and fell to fourth place, with its votes being drawn away to both Compromís and newly created Podemos-led Valencia in Common coalition. Centrist Citizens (C's), contesting a Valencian municipal election for the first time, turned into the third political force through its capture of disenchanted PP voters, while historical United Left of the Valencian Country (EUPV), standing within the Acord Ciutadà coalition (Valencian for "Citizen Agreement"), failed to achieve enough votes to win seats on the local assembly.

As a result of the election, with the PP unable to command a majority of seats in the city council even with the support of C's, Barberá was ousted from office after 24 years of government, being succeeded by Compromís candidate Joan Ribó. The 2015 election marked the end of the two decade-long PP political dominance over both the city and the whole of the Valencian Community, losing control over the regional government, all provincial capitals and most major cities in the region to left-wing coalitions and alliances.

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Transcription

Electoral system

The City Council of Valencia (Valencian: Ajuntament de València, Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Valencia) was the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Valencia, composed of the mayor, the government council and the elected plenary assembly.[1] Elections to the local councils in Spain were fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years.[2] Voting for the local assembly was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered and residing in the municipality of Valencia and in full enjoyment of their political rights, as well as resident non-national European citizens and those whose country of origin allowed Spanish nationals to vote in their own elections by virtue of a treaty.

Local councillors were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each local council.[1][2] Councillors were allocated to municipal councils based on the following scale:

Population Councillors
<100 3
101–250 5
251–1,000 7
1,001–2,000 9
2,001–5,000 11
5,001–10,000 13
10,001–20,000 17
20,001–50,000 21
50,001–100,000 25
>100,001 +1 per each 100,000 inhabitants or fraction
+1 if total is an even number

The mayor was indirectly elected by the plenary assembly. A legal clause required that mayoral candidates earned the vote of an absolute majority of councillors, or else the candidate of the most-voted party in the assembly was to be automatically appointed to the post. In the event of a tie, the appointee would be determined by lot.[1]

Background

Rita Barberá of the People's Party (PP) was elected to a sixth term as mayor of Valencia after her party won a fifth consecutive absolute majority in the local assembly in the 2011 election. The then-ruling party of Spain, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), had suffered a serious decline in popular support following Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's approval of unpopular austerity measures to try to tackle the economic crisis that was beleaguering the country. The PP benefitted from the PSOE's collapse, which helped cement its landslide victory by an absolute majority of seats in the 2011 general election held on 20 November and paving the way for the investiture of Mariano Rajoy as new prime minister.

However, the PP in the city of Valencia had already shown signs of political wear in the 2011 election—suffering a slight decrease in support—as a result of Barberá's continuous tenure as city mayor since 1991, as well as the unveiling of the Gürtel corruption scandal in 2009. The scandal would result in regional president Francisco Camps's resignation in July 2011, just one month after taking office, with Alberto Fabra succeeding him as regional premier.[3][4] The following years saw the unveiling of a series of corruption scandals affecting the PP, involving party deputies,[5] mayors,[6] local councillors,[7] two Corts's speakers[8] and former regional president José Luis Olivas.[9] The regional party leadership also had to cope with accusations of illegal financing,[10] as well as possible embezzlement offences in the additional costs incurred in the Formula 1 project and Pope Benedict XVI's 2006 visit to Valencia, accusations that also reached Barberá's local government.[11][12]

At the same time, both the regional and local governments had to deal with the effects of an ongoing financial crisis. The regional executive was forced to ask for a bailout from the central government headed by Rajoy in July 2012,[13] with its economic situation remaining severe because of high unemployment and debt. The decision of Fabra's government to close down RTVV, the regional public television broadcasting channel, because of financing issues, was also met with widespread protests.[14][15]

The 2014 European Parliament election, which resulted in enormous losses for the PP in the entire Valencian Community, paved the way for the rise of new parties Podemos, Compromís and Citizens, with the PSOE local branch finding itself unable to gain anything from the PP's lost support.[16] As a result, the ruling PP faced the 2015 election with a severe decline in popular support, an increase of electoral competitiveness and the shadow of corruption looming over the local PP leadership.

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of a determined amount of the electors registered in the municipality for which they were seeking election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. For the case of Valencia, as its population was between 300,001 and 1,000,000, at least 5,000 signatures were required.[2]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances 		Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov. Ref.
Votes (%) Seats
PP
List
Rita Barberá Conservatism
Christian democracy 		52.54% 20 checkY [17]
PSPV–PSOE
List
Joan Calabuig Social democracy 21.76% 8 ☒N [18]
Compromís
List
Joan Ribó Valencian nationalism
Eco-socialism
Green politics 		9.03% 3 ☒N [19]
EUPV–
EV–ERPV
List
Amadeu Sanchis Valencian nationalism
Democratic socialism
Green politics 		8.72%[a] 2 ☒N
VALC
List
Jordi Peris Left-wing populism
Direct democracy
Democratic socialism 		New party ☒N
C's
List
Fernando Giner Liberalism New party ☒N

Campaign

Party slogans

Party or alliance Original slogan English translation Ref.
PP « Trabajar. Hacer. Crecer. » "Work. Do. Grow." [20]
PSPV–PSOE « Gobernar para la mayoría » "To govern for the majority" [20]
Compromís « Amb valentia »
« Con valentía » 		"With courage" [21]
EUPV–EV–ERPV « Es tiempo de izquierda »
« És temps d'esquerres » 		"It is the time of the left" [20]
UPyD « Libres » "Free" [20]
C's « El cambio » "The change" [20]
VALC « Es ahora » "It is now" [20]

Issues

In April 2015, Compromís denounced mayor Rita Barberá's expenses charged to public funds during 2011 and 2014, believing they could constitute an embezzlement offence as they were not related to municipal functions but to party and personal actions. The leaked bills, a total of 466 throughout the legislature amounting to expenditures of 278,000 euros, included payments for air travel, train tickets, car trips, hotels and restaurants. Compromís candidate Joan Ribó commented that "at a time when there are 85,000 unemployed in Valencia and it is the city with the highest number of evictions per capita, it is obscene, unsupportive and unethical to find all of these luxury expenses".[22]

During the election campaign, the public prosecutor announced that it would open an investigation into Barberá's expenses, which would be linked to the already ongoing investigations on her because of luxury gifts worth 7,600 euros she would have allegedly received between 2007 and 2009 from a public body chaired by herself.[23] The unveiling of such practices was dubbed as the "Ritaleaks case" by opposition parties—in reference to Rita Barberá's name—, which believed that such expenses were part of a larger scheme that maintained an illegal funding of the Valencian PP through public funds.[24] The expenses scandal dominated the political landscape during the campaign, with Barberá herself being frequently booed during outdoor political acts in markets. She responded by saying she was being the target of a defamation campaign orchestrated by Compromís, and denied committing any wrongdoing or misuse of public money.[25]

Another related scandal, the "Imelsa case", shook the PP campaign as EUPV leaked recordings allegedly belonging to public entity Imelsa former director, Marcos Benavent. Such recordings involved senior party officials, such as Xàtiva Mayor and President of the Valencia Deputation Alfonso Rus, in an alleged illegal financing network of the Valencian PP.[26][27] The PP denounced Rus and expelled him from the party just 20 days ahead of the election, but he refused to withdraw as candidate and continued campaigning as an independent; the PP being unable to contest the local election in Xàtiva in a separate list.[28][29]

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 17 seats were required for an absolute majority in the City Council of Valencia.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls   Exit poll

Results

← Summary of the 24 May 2015 City Council of Valencia election results →
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 107,435 25.77 –26.77 10 –10
Commitment to Valencia: Commitment (Compromís) 97,114 23.30 +14.27 9 +6
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 64,228 15.41 New 6 +6
Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV–PSOE) 58,338 14.00 –7.76 5 –3
Valencia in Common (VALC) 40,927 9.82 New 3 +3
Citizen Agreement (EUPV–EV–ERPV)1 19,639 4.71 –4.01 0 –2
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 5,757 1.38 –1.45 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 4,518 1.08 +0.63 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 3,353 0.80 New 0 ±0
We Are Valencian (SOMVAL) 2,976 0.71 New 0 ±0
Democratic People (Poble) 2,877 0.69 New 0 ±0
Spain 2000 (E–2000) 1,391 0.33 –0.15 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 773 0.19 New 0 ±0
Together (Junts)2 646 0.15 +0.08 0 ±0
Forward (Avant) 542 0.13 New 0 ±0
United for Valencia (UxV) 511 0.12 –0.05 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 446 0.11 ±0.00 0 ±0
Neo-Democrats (Neodemócratas) 307 0.07 New 0 ±0
Republican Social Movement (MSR) 270 0.06 New 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 228 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,568 1.10 –1.08
Total 416,844 33 ±0
Valid votes 416,844 99.18 +0.46
Invalid votes 3,463 0.82 –0.46
Votes cast / turnout 420,307 72.12 +2.71
Abstentions 162,497 27.88 –2.71
Registered voters 582,804
Sources[32][33][34]
Footnotes:
Popular vote
PP
 
 25.77%
Compromís
 
 23.30%
C's
 
 15.41%
PSPV–PSOE
 
 14.00%
VALC
 
 9.82%
Acord Ciutadà
 
 4.71%
UPyD
 
 1.38%
PACMA
 
 1.08%
Others
 
 3.44%
Blank ballots
 
 1.10%
Seats
PP
 
 30.30%
Compromís
 
 27.27%
C's
 
 18.18%
PSPV–PSOE
 
 15.15%
VALC
 
 9.09%

Aftermath

Consequences

As election results were known, mayor Rita Barberá conceded defeat to Joan Ribó from Compromís, whose surprise results—9 city councillors and 23.3% of the vote—allowed him to be appointed as new Mayor through an alliance with both the PSPV–PSOE and VALC, as all three commanded an absolute majority of seats together. The PP had hoped to rely on support from newcomer C's, but its 6 seats, together with the PP's 10, meant that they fell one seat short of an overall majority. Compromís's historic result came mostly at the cost of a declining PSOE, which fell to fourth place and obtained its worst result in history. In her concession speech, Barberá stated that "I come with dignity, pride and gratitude to all Valencians that have allowed me to be mayor for 24 years", commenting on her party's result—which lost over half of its 2011 vote and city councillors—that "it is a bad result, I will not hide from it".[35] The shock from the PP collapse was such that, in a spontaneous reaction after learning of the results in election night, a tearful Barberá was recorded by cameras as saying "¡Qué hostia!...¡Qué hostia!" (Spanish for "What a smack!... what a smack!") while embracing a party colleague.[36]

As a result of the three left-from-centre parties reaching an agreement to take power over the city, Joan Ribó was appointed as new mayor of Valencia on 13 June 2015 thanks to the votes of Compromís, the PSPV and VALC. Barberá, who had renounced her seat in the city council the previous day, did not attend Ribó's appointment.[37] The new PP local leader, Alfonso Novo, congratulated Ribó on his election and said the PP would maintain "institutional loyalty, but also firmness and exemplariness" in the new party's role as "opposition and control".[38]

Just seven months later, on 26 January 2016, a major police operation in Valencia would result in the arrest of several high-ranking members from the Valencian PP regional and local branches, as a consequence of the ongoing investigation on the PP's corruption in the region during its time in government.[39] Several days later, on 1 February, all ten PP city councillors in the city council of Valencia, including Novo himself, would be charged for a money laundering offence, related to the party's illegal financing in the Valencian Community.[40] Judicial investigation pointed to former Mayor Rita Barberá also being involved in the scandal—that also covered the possible illegal funding of her 2015 election run[41]—with her arrest or imputation only being prevented by the fact she had legal protection as an incumbent senator.[42]

Investiture vote

Investiture
Ballot → 13 June 2015
Required majority → 17 out of 33
17 / 33
 checkY
Alfonso Novo (PP)
  • • PP (10)
10 / 33
 ☒N
Fernando Giner (C's)
6 / 33
 ☒N
Blank ballots
0 / 33
Absentees
0 / 33
Sources[34]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Results for EUPV (7.17%, 2 seats), VyE (1.30%, 0 seats) and ERPV–AM (0.25%, 0 seats) in the 2011 election.

References

Opinion poll sources
  1. ^ "Sondeo a pie de urna. Datos de FORTA". FORTA (in Spanish). 24 May 2015.
  2. ^ "Encuestas y resultados - elecciones autonómicas y municipales del 24 de mayo de 2015". GAD3 (in Spanish). 28 May 2015.
  3. ^ "La Alcaldía de Valencia se pone a tiro de Ciudadanos". El Mundo (in Spanish). 16 May 2015.
  4. ^ "Intención de voto en el Ayto. de Valencia. Gráfico". El Mundo (in Spanish). 16 May 2015.
  5. ^ "El PP depende de C's para gobernar en Madrid, Valencia, Sevilla y Málaga". Público (in Spanish). 15 May 2015.
  6. ^ "El PP pierde la mayoría absoluta en Valencia y dependería de Ciudadanos para gobernar". Telecinco (in Spanish). 15 May 2015.
  7. ^ "Barberá baja nueve concejales pero duplica en votos al PSPV". ABC (in Spanish). 15 May 2015.
  8. ^ "Ada Colau empata con Trias, Barberá se estrella en Valencia y Podemos tiene la llave en Sevilla". Público (in Spanish). 3 May 2015.
  9. ^ "Tracking de sondeos en las capitales: la derecha sólo puede esperar que Ciudadanos salve al PP". Público (in Spanish). 3 May 2015.
  10. ^ "La izquierda puede con Barberá y C's". Levante-EMV (in Spanish). 10 May 2015.
  11. ^ "VALENCIA, Abril 2015. Sondeo SigmaDos". Electograph (in Spanish). 4 May 2015.
  12. ^ "El PP podría perder Generalitat y Ayuntamiento de Valencia, incluso con el apoyo de Ciudadanos". Cadena SER (in Spanish). 23 April 2015.
  13. ^ "El ObSERvatorio de la Cadena SER. Estudio preelectoral de Valencia (24/4/2015)" (PDF). MyWord (in Spanish). 24 April 2015.
  14. ^ "Preelectoral elecciones autonómicas y municipales 2015. Ciudad de Valencia (Estudio nº 3066. Marzo-Abril 2015)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 7 May 2015.
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  18. ^ "Ciudadanos, la sorpresa decisiva en Valencia". El Mundo (in Spanish). 6 April 2015.
  19. ^ "Encuesta electoral: Ayuntamiento de Valencia". El Mundo (in Spanish). 6 April 2015.
  20. ^ "VALENCIA, Marzo 2015. Sondeo SigmaDos". Electograph (in Spanish). 24 March 2015.
  21. ^ "Un sondeo del PSPV no da opción al PP en Valencia pero sí en Alicante". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 March 2015.
  22. ^ "Sondeo del PSPV para las municipales". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 March 2015.
  23. ^ "VALENCIA, Enero 2015. Sondeo interno PP". Electograph (in Spanish). 24 February 2015.
  24. ^ "Una encuesta encargada por el PP acerca a Rita Barberá a la mayoría absoluta en Valencia". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 25 February 2015.
  25. ^ "El reparto del poder territorial en España en 2015" (PDF). desarrollando-ideas.com (in Spanish). 31 October 2014.
  26. ^ "Un sondeo de Compromís augura que habrá batalla y da la victoria al 'tripartito' y Rita Barberá cae más que Fabra a la espera del caso Nóos" (PDF). El Mundo (in Spanish). 19 April 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2013.
  27. ^ "En el PSPV no se acaban de creer sus propias encuestas". El Mundo (in Spanish). 30 January 2013.
  28. ^ "Barberá perdería la mayoría absoluta, según un sondeo del PSPV". La Razón (in Spanish). 30 January 2013.
Other
  1. ^ a b c "Ley 7/1985, de 2 de abril, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local". Law No. 7 of 2 April 1985 (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  2. ^ a b c "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985 (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  3. ^ Pérez, Iván; Álvarez, Francisco; Hernández, Marisol (21 July 2011). "Francisco Camps dimite". El Mundo (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  4. ^ Prats, Jaime (21 July 2011). "Alberto Fabra sustituye a Camps al frente del PP y de la Generalitat". El País (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  5. ^ Ferrandis, Joaquín (29 June 2013). "La presencia de un 20% de diputados imputados divide al PP valenciano". El País (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  6. ^ Molto, Daniel (17 September 2014). "El juez imputa de nuevo a Castedo por beneficiar al constructor Ortiz". El Mundo (in Spanish). Alicante. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  7. ^ Ortega, Lorena; Esquitino, Rubén (10 January 2015). "El PP tiene medio centenar de imputados en cargos municipales". El País (in Spanish). Castellón / Alicante. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  8. ^ Nieto, Juan (10 November 2014). "Juan Cotino, imputado por los contratos con Gürtel para la visita del Papa". El Mundo (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  9. ^ "Olivas, imputado por delito fiscal en el asesoramiento de Vicente Cotino". El Mundo (in Spanish). Valencia. EFE. 2 June 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  10. ^ Zafra, Ignacio (16 December 2014). "El juez procesa a 19 personas por la financiación ilegal del PP valenciano". El País (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  11. ^ Giménez, Miguel (11 August 2014). "La corrupción en el PP valenciano, de la A a la Z". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  12. ^ Ferrandis, Joaquín (16 November 2014). "La hoguera valenciana de las corrupciones del PP". El País (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  13. ^ "La Comunitat Valenciana pide el rescate". Público (in Spanish). EFE. 20 July 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  14. ^ Terrasa, Rodrigo (5 November 2013). "Fabra cierra la televisión valenciana tras tumbar la Justicia el ERE". El Mundo (in Spanish). Valencia. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  15. ^ Maroto, Voro (4 December 2013). "Las protestas por el cierre de Canal 9 cercan a Alberto Fabra y aíslan al PP". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  16. ^ Ferrandis, Joaquín; Moltó, Ezequiel; Ortega, Lorena (25 May 2014). "El PP se desploma en las grandes ciudades y da la llave a los minoritarios". El País (in Spanish). Valencia / Alicante / Castellón. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  17. ^ "Rita Barberá ha sido proclamada candidata a la alcaldía". El Periòdic.com (in Spanish). 21 March 2015. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  18. ^ "Joan Calabuig gana las primarias y será el candidato a la alcaldía de Valencia en 2015". El Periòdic.com (in Spanish). 19 October 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  19. ^ "Joan Ribó confirma que irá a las primarias de Compromís en Valencia". El Mundo (in Spanish). Valencia. EFE. 10 December 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
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