1995 Philippine Senate election

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May 8, 1995

1998 →

12 (of the 24) seats in the Senate
13 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party	Third party

Leader	Edgardo Angara	Ernesto Maceda	Miriam Defensor Santiago
Party	LDP	NPC	PRP
Alliance	Lakas–Laban	NPC	NPC
Seats won	9	2	1
Popular vote	123,678,255	28,452,737	19,619,923
Percentage	67.7%	25.5%	5.2%

Senate President before election

Edgardo Angara
LDP

Elected Senate President

Edgardo Angara
LDP

Politics of the Philippines


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The 1995 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines was the 25th election to the Senate of the Philippines. It was held on Monday, May 8, 1995, to elect 12 of the 24 seats in the Senate. Filipinos protected the ballot boxes with their lives and campaigned against traditional politicians who used bribery, flying voters, violence, election rigging, stealing of ballot boxes, etc. The Philippine National Police (PNP) listed five people dead and listed more than 200 hotspots before and 300 hotspots during the election.

The two largest parties, Lakas-NUCD and the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP), contested the senate election under the Lakas-Laban Coalition and won nine out of the 12 seats contested. The opposition-led coalition was composed of the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) which had an alliance with the People's Reform Party (PRP), though they contested the election separately.

This was also the first time that the electorate voted for twelve candidates under the plurality-at-large voting to the Senate; previously, the electorate voted for two candidates each per senatorial districts (1916–1934), via closed party-lists (the "block voting" system in use from 1941 to 1949), and eight senators via plurality-at-large voting with the country as one "at-large" district from 1951 to 1971. This was also the first midterm election for the 1987 constitution, and the first since 1971, as the date the elected candidates take office falls at the midway point of President Fidel V. Ramos' six-year term.

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Candidates

Administration coalition

Lakas–Laban Coalition
Candidate	Party
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo	LDP
Rodolfo Biazon	LDP
Franklin Drilon	Lakas
Juan Ponce Enrile	Independent
Marcelo Fernan	LDP
Juan Flavier	Lakas
Ramon Magsaysay Jr.	Lakas
Ramon Mitra Jr.	LDP
Serge Osmeña	Lakas
Aquilino Pimentel Jr.	PDP–Laban
Raul Roco	LDP
Francisco Tatad	LDP

Opposition coalition

Nationalist People's Coalition
Candidate	Party
Rosemarie Arenas	NPC
Gaudencio Beduya	NPC
Nikki Coseteng	NPC
Amanda T. Cruz	NPC
Ramon Fernandez	NPC
Gregorio Honasan	Independent
Bongbong Marcos	KBL
Adelisa A. Raymundo	NPC
Manuel C. Roxas	NPC
Miriam Defensor Santiago	PRP
Almarin C. Tillah	NPC
Arturo Tolentino	NPC

Note: Party affiliation based on Certificate of Candidacy.

Retiring and term limited incumbents

This was the first Senate election where there were term-limited incumbents.

Butz Aquino (LDP), term limited, ran for representative from Makati's 2nd district and won
Joey Lina (LDP), term limited, ran for governor of Laguna and won
John Henry Osmeña (NPC), term limited, ran for representative from Cebu's 3rd district and won; ran for senator in 1998 and won
Nina Rasul (Lakas)
Wigberto Tañada (Liberal), term limited, ran for representative from Quezon's 4th district and won; ran for senator in 2001 and lost

Mid-term vacancies

Teofisto Guingona Jr. (LDP), appointed Executive Secretary on July 6, 1993

Controversies

"Dagdag-Bawas" scam

As the counting of votes was ongoing on May 11, former Senator Aquilino Pimentel Jr. alleged that some senatorial candidates currently outside the unfinished tally's top twelve spots were beginning to rig votes by bribing people involved in the electoral process.^[1] Pimentel also shared that two of his fellow Lakas-Laban senatorial candidates revealed to him that a vote-buying scam called "Oplan Dagdag-Bawas" (lit. 'Add-Subtract') was occurring in Mindanao, where canvassers are bribed to shave off votes meant for Pimentel and transfer them to other candidates.^[2] Pimentel later admitted that he lacks evidence for his claim, while a Comelec commissioner named Regalado Maambong dismissed the allegation as false.^[3] After the election, Pimentel established the Foundation for Clean Elections, Inc. in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila to help prevent fraud in the country's elections.^[4]

By late 1995, the Senate Electoral Tribunal ordered to deduct more than 58,000 "unlawfully credited" votes for Juan Ponce Enrile in Bataan and Isabela from his tally, alongside 10,000 votes for Gringo Honasan and 7,000 votes for Ramon Mitra.^[5]

In May 1996, Maambong reversed his stance from the previous year and revealed that Comelec has found evidence of widespread cheating during the election.^[6] Resureccion Borra, then executive director of Comelec, later stated that the 1995 election was the first time "dagdag-bawas" was committed on a massive scale, and announced that they will attempt to prosecute canvassers in the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Bataan, and Lanao del Sur.^[7]^[8] In July 1996, Senator Serge Osmeña revealed that he discovered a 30,000 vote discrepancy for him in Pasig City between the manual tally done by the Treasurer's Office and the certificates of canvass.^[9] By December, a regional trial court in Bataan ordered for the arrest of Cenon Uy, an assistant regional director for Comelec in Central Luzon, for having allegedly tampered with election results in the region to favor the candidacy of Enrile,^[10] though he would remain in office until late 2000 when a pending court case against him forced his resignation.^[11]

On February 10, 2000, Antonio Llorente and Ligaya Salayon, who were respectively Pasig City prosecutor and member of the Pasig board of canvassers at the time of the election, was charged by the Supreme Court for violating election laws after they admitted their "honest mistake" of taking away votes from Pimentel and transferring them to Enrile.^[12] Llorente eventually went on indefinite leave from his position as Justice Undersecretary in September due to the Supreme Court standing by its ruling.^[13]

On September 11, 2000, Arsenia Garcia, who was chair of the Alaminos, Pangasinan municipal canvassers during the election, was convicted of electoral fraud by a Regional Trial Court in Alaminos due to her discarding more than 5,000 votes that were in favor of Pimentel, and sentenced to six years in prison.^[14]

Results

The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP) and the Lakas–NUCD won four each, while the Nacionalista Party, the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), People's Reform Party (PRP), and an independent won one seat each.

Three incumbent LDP senators won: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, Raul Roco, and Francisco Tatad (originally elected as an NPC member). Nikki Coseteng was the sole NPC senator to successfully defend her seat.

Neophyte senators were Lakas's Franklin Drilon, Juan Flavier, Ramon Magsaysay Jr., and Serge Osmeña, LDP's Marcelo Fernan, Miriam Defensor Santiago of the PRP, and independent Gregorio Honasan.

Returning was Juan Ponce Enrile, who last served in the Senate in 1992.

Incumbents defeated were LDP's Rodolfo Biazon and NPC's Arturo Tolentino.

	1	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	24	18
Before election		‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡^	‡	‡	‡	‡

Election result	Not up	PRP	Lakas-Laban Coalition									NPC		Not up
After election		+	+	+	+	*	*	√	√	√	+	√	+
Senate bloc	Majority bloc											Minority bloc

Politics of the Philippines


Government Constitution of the Philippines Charter Change Laws Legal codes Taxation
Executive President of the Philippines Bongbong Marcos (PFP) Vice President of the Philippines Sara Duterte (HNP) Cabinet (lists) Executive departments Local government
Legislature Congress of the Philippines 19th Congress Senate President Migz Zubiri (Independent) House of Representatives Speaker Martin Romualdez (Lakas) Districts Party-list representation Bangsamoro Parliament Provincial boards City councils Municipal councils Barangay councils
Judiciary Supreme Court of the Philippines Chief Justice Alexander Gesmundo Court of Appeals Court of Tax Appeals Sandiganbayan Ombudsman Regional Trial Courts Barangay justice
Constitutional commissions Civil Service Commission Chairperson Karlo Nograles Commission on Audit Chairperson Gamaliel Cordoba Commission on Elections Chairperson George Garcia
Elections General 2016 2019 2022 Barangay 2013 2018 2023 Referendums
Political parties Akbayan Aksyon Lakas LDP Liberal Nacionalista NPC NUP PFP Reporma PDP–Laban UNA
Administrative divisions Capital Regions Autonomous regions Provinces Cities Municipalities Barangays Poblacions Sitios Puroks
Related topics Foreign relations Human rights
Philippines portal Other countries
v t e

Key:

‡ Seats up
+ Gained by a party from another party
√ Held by the incumbent
* Held by the same party with a new senator
^ Vacancy

Per candidate

e • d Summary of the May 8, 1995, Philippine Senate election result
Rank	Candidate	Coalition		Votes	%
1.	Gloria Macapagal Arroyo	Lakas-Laban	LDP	15,745,741	61.2%
2.	Raul Roco	Lakas-Laban	LDP	12,509,736	48.6%
3.	Ramon Magsaysay Jr.	Lakas-Laban	Lakas–CMD	11,862,458	46.1%
4.	Franklin Drilon	Lakas-Laban	Lakas–CMD	11,032,476	42.9%
5.	Juan Flavier	Lakas-Laban	Lakas–CMD	10,748,528	41.8%
6.	Miriam Defensor Santiago	NPC	PRP	9,497,231	36.9%
7.	Serge Osmeña	Lakas-Laban	Lakas–CMD	9,390,935	36.5%
8.	Francisco Tatad	Lakas-Laban	LDP	9,146,951	35.5%
9.	Gregorio Honasan	NPC	Independent	8,968,616	34.8%
10.	Marcelo Fernan	Lakas-Laban	LDP	8,762,235	34.0%
11.	Juan Ponce Enrile	Lakas-Laban	Independent	8,701,191	33.8%
12.	Nikki Coseteng	NPC	NPC	8,700,278	33.8%
13.	Ramon Mitra Jr.	Lakas-Laban	LDP	8,650,618	33.6%
14.	Rodolfo Biazon	Lakas-Laban	LDP	8,587,338	33.4%
15.	Aquilino Pimentel Jr.	Lakas-Laban	PDP–Laban	8,522,148	33.1%
16.	Bongbong Marcos	NPC	KBL	8,168,768	31.7%
17.	Arturo Tolentino	NPC	NPC	7,726,006	30.0%
18.	Ramon Fernandez	NPC	NPC	3,572,604	13.9%
19.	Rosemarie Arenas	NPC	NPC	3,178,837	12.4%
20.	Manuel C. Roxas	NPC	NPC	2,455,764	9.5%
21.	Herman T. Laurel	PRP - Laurel Wing	PRP	1,395,015	5.42%
22.	Almarin C. Tillah	NPC	NPC	1,165,164	4.52%
23.	Amanda T. Cruz	NPC	NPC	1,008,180	3.91%
24.	Gaudencio Beduya	NPC	NPC	829,082	3.22%
25.	Adelisa Raymundo	NPC	NPC	745,115	2.90%
26.	Ibrahim Amerel	PDSP	PDSP	482,328	1.87%
27.	Vicente N. Biego	Bicol Saro	Bicol Saro	417,901	1.62%
28.	Felino C. Polintan Jr.	Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas	Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas	393,712	1.52%
29.	Brigido Simon (withdrew)	PRP - Laurel Wing	PRP	152,161	0.59%
30.	Misa	Bicol Saro	Bicol Saro	109,711	0.42%
Total turnout				25,736,505	70.7%
Total votes				182,626,828	N/A
Registered voters				36,415,154	100.0%
Note: A total of 30 candidates ran for senator.

References:

Philippines - Mid Term Election Campaigns / AP Archive https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IN_bw9FGl0w

PHILIPPINES: PRESIDENT FIDEL RAMOS CAMPAIGN RALLY / AP Archive https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wO-lpLTAA7M

Per coalition


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats
	Lakas-Laban Coalition		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	63,402,619	34.72	4
			Lakas–NUCD	43,034,397	23.56	4
			Independent	8,701,191	4.76	1
			PDP–Laban	8,522,148	4.67	0
		Total		123,660,355	67.71	9
	Nationalist People's Coalition		Nationalist People's Coalition	29,381,030	16.09	1
			Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	8,168,768	4.47	0
			Independent	8,968,616	4.91	1
		Total		46,518,414	25.47	2
	People's Reform Party			9,497,231	5.20	1
	People's Reform Party–Laurel wing			1,547,176	0.85	0
	Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas			482,328	0.26	0
	Independent			921,324	0.50	0
Total				182,626,828	100.00	12

Total votes				25,736,505	–
Registered voters/turnout				36,415,154	70.68
Source: "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph. Retrieved 2010-12-10.

Vote share

Lakas-Laban			67.71%
NPC			25.47%
PRP			5.20%
Others			1.62%

Senate seats

Lakas-Laban			75.00%
NPC			16.67%
PRP			8.33%
Others			0%

Per party



Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats
Party		Votes	%	+/–	Up	Before	Won	After	+/−
	Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	63,402,619	34.89	−10.28	6	16	4	14	−2
	Lakas–NUCD	43,034,397	23.68	+5.96	1	2	4	5	+3
	Nationalist People's Coalition	29,381,030	16.17	−1.62	4	5	1	2	−3
	People's Reform Party	11,044,407	6.08	−3.83	0	0	1	1	New
	PDP–Laban	8,522,148	4.69	New	0	0	0	0	0
	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	8,168,768	4.50	−0.12	0	0	0	0	0
	Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas	482,328	0.27	New	0	0	0	0	0
	Independent	17,669,807	9.72	+9.53	0	0	2	2	New
	Liberal Party				1	1	0	0	−1
Total		181,705,504	100.00	–	12	24	12	24	0

Total votes		25,736,505	–
Registered voters/turnout		36,415,154	70.68
Source: "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph. Retrieved 2010-12-10.

Vote share

LDP			34.72%
Lakas			23.56%
NPC			16.09%
PRP			6.05%
Independent			9.73%
Others			5.92%

Senate seats won

LDP			33.33%
Lakas			33.33%
NPC			8.33%
PRP			8.33%
Independent			16.66%
Others			0.00%

References

^ Villanueva, Marichu A. (May 12, 1995). "Pimentel denounces post-poll cheating". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 4. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
^ Atadero, Arnold (May 14, 1995). "Prove raps, Comelec dares accusers". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 3. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
^ Jacinto, Gerry G. (May 19, 1995). "Enrile bares cheating proof". Manila Standard. Standard Publications, Inc. p. 5. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
^ "'Firing Line' special on electoral reforms". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. December 4, 1995. p. 30B. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
^ Maragay, Fel (December 9, 1995). "SWS survey unfair to economic managers". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 23B. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
^ Macaspac, Joem H. (May 16, 1996). "Comelec dared on fraud case". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 1. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
^ Laborte, Annie Rose A. (May 24, 1996). "There are Judases in Comelec – Borra". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 5. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
^ Maragay, Fel (May 25, 1996). "Erap's loaded remarks". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 19B. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
^ Macaspac, Joem H. (July 2, 1996). "Enrile challenges Pimentel to one-on-one poll contest". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 5. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
^ Laborte, Annie Rose A. (December 8, 1996). "Arrest of Comelec official in 'Dagdag-Bawas' hailed". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 5. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
^ "Pimentel commends Comelec for removing 1995 poll cheats". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. October 26, 2000. p. 3. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
^ Cueto, Donna S. (February 11, 2000). "2 poll execs face raps for 'honest mistake'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. The Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc. p. 4. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
^ Ubac, Michael Lim (September 28, 2000). "Justice usec goes on leave". Philippine Daily Inquirer. The Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc. p. A2. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
^ Fuertes, Yolanda (September 13, 2001). "Court finds poll official guilty". Philippine Daily Inquirer. The Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc. p. 1. Retrieved August 11, 2022.

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This page was last edited on 7 December 2023, at 07:24