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1946 United States Senate elections

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1946 United States Senate elections

← 1944 November 5, 1946 1948 →

36 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Wallace White Alben Barkley
Party Republican Democratic
Leader since February 25, 1944 July 22, 1937
Leader's seat Maine Kentucky
Seats before 39 56
Seats won 51 45
Seat change Increase 12 Decrease 11
Popular vote 15,489,926 12,062,433
Percentage 54.0% 42.0%
Seats up 11 24
Races won 23 13

  Third party
 
Party Progressive
Seats before 1
Seats won 0
Seat change Decrease 1
Seats up 1
Races won 0

1946 United States Senate special election in Alabama1946 United States Senate special election in Idaho1946 United States Senate special election in Kentucky1946 United States Senate special election in North Dakota1946 United States Senate special election in Virginia1946 United States Senate election in Arizona1946 United States Senate election in California1946 United States Senate election in Connecticut1946 United States Senate election in Delaware1946 United States Senate election in Florida1946 United States Senate election in Indiana1946 United States Senate election in Maine1946 United States Senate election in Maryland1946 United States Senate election in Massachusetts1946 United States Senate election in Michigan1946 United States Senate election in Minnesota1946 United States Senate election in Mississippi1946 United States Senate election in Missouri1946 United States Senate election in Montana1946 United States Senate election in Nebraska1946 United States Senate election in Nevada1946 United States Senate election in New Jersey1946 United States Senate election in New Mexico1946 United States Senate election in New York1946 United States Senate election in North Dakota1946 United States Senate election in Ohio1946 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania1946 United States Senate election in Rhode Island1946 United States Senate election in Tennessee1946 United States Senate election in Texas1946 United States Senate election in Utah1946 United States Senate election in Vermont1946 United States Senate election in Virginia1946 United States Senate election in Washington1946 United States Senate election in West Virginia1946 United States Senate election in Wisconsin1946 United States Senate election in Wyoming
Results of the elections:
     Democratic hold
     Republican gain      Republican hold
     No election
Rectangular inset (N. Dak. and Va.): both seats up for election

Majority Leader before election

Alben Barkley
Democratic

Elected Majority Leader

Wallace White
Republican

The 1946 United States Senate elections were held November 5, 1946, in the middle of Democratic President Harry S. Truman's first term after Roosevelt's passing. The 32 seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and four special elections were held to fill vacancies. The Republicans took control of the Senate by picking up twelve seats, mostly from the Democrats. This was the first time since 1932 that the Republicans had held the Senate, recovering from a low of 16 seats following the 1936 Senate elections.

The vote was largely seen as a referendum on Truman, whose approval rating had sunk to 32%[1] over the president's controversial handling of a wave of post-war labor strikes, such as a nationwide railroad strike in May, at a time when Americans depended on train service for both commuter and long-distance travel. Just as damaging was Truman's back-and-forth over whether to end unpopular wartime price controls to handle shortages, particularly in foodstuffs. For example, price controls on beef had led to a "hamburger famine," but when Truman, in a surprise move, lifted the controls on October 14—just weeks before the election—meat prices shot up to record levels.[citation needed]

This is only one of two occasions in U.S. history that 10 or more Senate seats changed hands in a midterm election (the other being in 1958), and also one of five occasions where 10 or more Senate seats changed hands in any election, with the other occasions being in 1920, 1932, 1958, and 1980.

The president's lack of popular support is widely seen as the reason for the Democrats' congressional defeat, the largest since they were trounced in the 1928 pro-Republican wave that brought Herbert Hoover to power.[2][3] And for the first time since before the Great Depression, Republicans were seen as the party which could best handle the American economy.

However, the Republicans also benefited from what today would be called "a good map," meaning that of the one-third of Senate seats up for election, the majority were held by Democrats. Besides the Republicans being able to hold onto all of their seats, this was the party's largest senate gain since 1920.

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Transcription

Results summary

45 51
Democratic Republican

Colored shading indicates party with largest share of that row.

Parties Total
Democratic Republican Other
Last elections (1944) 57 38 1 96
Before these elections 56 39 1 96
Not up 32 28 0 60
Up 24 11 1 36
Class 1 (1940→1946) 21 10 1 32
Special: Class 2 3 1 4
Incumbent retired 4 4 8
Held by same party 3 4 7
Replaced by other party Decrease1 Democrat replaced by Increase1 Republican 1
Result 3 5 0 8
Incumbent ran 20 7 1 28
Won re-election 9 6 0 16
Lost re-election Decrease7 Democrats replaced by Increase 7 Republicans 7
Lost renomination
but held by same party
1 1 2
Lost (re)nomination
and party lost
Decrease3 Democrats replaced by Increase 3 Republicans
Decrease1 Progressive replaced by Increase 1 Republican
4
Result 10 18 0 28
Total elected 13 23 0 36
Net change Decrease11 Increase12 Decrease1 12
Nationwide vote 12,062,433 15,489,926 1,142,765 28,695,124
Share 42.04% 53.98% 3.98% 100%
Result 45 51 0 96

Source: Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives[4]

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

Three Republicans and five Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election.

State Senator Replaced by
Alabama (special) George R. Swift John Sparkman
Connecticut Thomas C. Hart Raymond E. Baldwin
Indiana Raymond E. Willis William E. Jenner
Kentucky (special) William A. Stanfill John Sherman Cooper
New York James M. Mead Irving Ives
Ohio James W. Huffman John W. Bricker
Rhode Island Peter G. Gerry J. Howard McGrath
Virginia (special) Thomas G. Burch A. Willis Robertson

Defeats

One Republican, one Progressive, and ten Democrats sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election.

State Senator Replaced by
Delaware James M. Tunnell John J. Williams
Idaho (special) Charles C. Gossett Henry Dworshak
Maryland George L. P. Radcliffe Herbert O'Conor
Massachusetts David I. Walsh Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
Minnesota Henrik Shipstead Edward J. Thye
Missouri Frank P. Briggs James P. Kem
Montana Burton K. Wheeler Zales Ecton
Nevada Edward P. Carville George W. Malone
Pennsylvania Joseph F. Guffey Edward Martin
Utah Abe Murdock Arthur V. Watkins
Washington Hugh Mitchell Harry P. Cain
Wisconsin Robert M. La Follette Jr. Joseph McCarthy

Post election changes

State Senator Replaced by
Louisiana John H. Overton William C. Feazel
South Dakota Harlan J. Bushfield Vera C. Bushfield
Mississippi Theodore G. Bilbo John C. Stennis

Change in composition

Before the elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Md.
Ran
D37
Idaho (sp)
Ran
D36
Fla.
Ran
D35
Del.
Ran
D34
Ariz.
Ran
D33
Ala. (sp)
Retired
D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Mass.
Ran
D40
Miss.
Ran
D41
Mo.
Ran
D42
Mont.
Ran
D43
Nev.
Ran
D44
N.M.
Ran
D45
N.Y.
Retired
D46
Ohio (reg)
Ohio (sp)
Retired
D47
Pa.
Ran
D48
R.I.
Retired
Majority → D49
Tenn.
Ran
R39
Vt.
Ran
P1
Wis.
Ran
D56
Wyo.
Ran
D55
W.Va.
Ran
D54
Wash.
Ran
D53
Va. (sp)
Retired
D52
Va. (reg)
Ran
D51
Utah
Ran
D50
Texas
Ran
R38
N.D. (reg)
Ran
R37
N.J.
Ran
R36
Neb.
Ran
R35
Minn.
Ran
R34
Mich.
Ran
R33
Maine
Ran
R32
Ky. (sp)
Retired
R31
Ind.
Retired
R30
Conn. (reg)
Conn. (sp)
Retired
R29
Calif. (reg)
Calif. (sp)
Ran
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1
N.D. (sp)
Elected[a]
R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

Election results

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
N.M.
Re-elected
D37
Miss.
Re-elected
D36
Md.
Hold
D35
Fla.
Elected[b]
D34
Ariz.
Re-elected
D33
Ala. (sp)
Hold
D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
R.I.
Hold
D40
Tenn.
Re-elected
D41
Texas
Re-elected
D42
Va. (reg)
Re-elected
D43
Va. (sp)
Hold
D44
W.Va.
Re-elected
D45
Wyo.
Re-elected
R51
Wis.
Gain
R50
Wash.
Gain
R49
Utah
Gain
Majority →
R39
Vt.
Elected[b]
R40
Del.
Gain
R41
Idaho (sp)
Gain
R42
Mass.
Gain
R43
Mo.
Gain[c]
R44
Mont.
Gain
R45
Nev.
Gain
R46
N.Y.
Gain
R47
Ohio (reg)
Gain
Ohio (sp)
Gain
R48
Pa.
Gain
R38
N.D. (reg)
Re-elected
R37
N.J.
Re-elected
R36
Neb.
Re-elected
R35
Minn.
Hold
R34
Mich.
Re-elected
R33
Maine
Re-elected
R32
Ky. (sp)
Hold
R31
Ind.
Hold
R30
Conn. (reg)
Conn. (sp)
Hold
R29
Calif. (reg)
Calif. (sp)
Elected[b]
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key
D# Democratic
P# Progressive
R# Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 79th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1946, ordered by election date, then state.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
North Dakota
(Class 3)
Milton Young Republican 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected June 25, 1946.
Alabama
(Class 2)
George R. Swift Democratic 1946 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1946.
Democratic hold.
California
(Class 1)
William Knowland Republican 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 5, 1946.
Winner also elected to next term; see below.
Connecticut
(Class 1)
Thomas C. Hart Republican 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1946.
Republican hold.
Winner also elected to next term; see below.
  • Green tickY Raymond E. Baldwin (Republican) 55.8%
  • Joseph M. Tone (Democratic) 41.0%
  • Frederic C. Smedley (Socialist) 3.2%[6]
Idaho
(Class 2)
Charles C. Gossett Democratic 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost nomination.
New senator elected November 5, 1946.
Republican gain.
Kentucky
(Class 2)
William A. Stanfill Republican 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1946.
Republican hold.
Ohio
(Class 1)
James W. Huffman Democratic 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1946.
Republican gain.
Winner was not elected to the next term; see below.
Virginia
(Class 2)
Thomas G. Burch Democratic 1946 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1946.
Democratic hold.

Races leading to the 80th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1947; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Arizona Ernest McFarland Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected.
California William Knowland Republican 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected.
Winner also elected to finish term; see above.
Connecticut Thomas C. Hart Republican 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Winner also elected to finish term; see above.
Delaware James M. Tunnell Democratic 1940 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Florida Spessard Holland Democratic 1946 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected.
Indiana Raymond E. Willis Republican 1940 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Maine Owen Brewster Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected.
  • Green tickY Owen Brewster (Republican) 63.6%
  • Peter M. MacDonald (Democratic) 36.5%
Maryland George L. P. Radcliffe Democratic 1934
1940
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Massachusetts David I. Walsh Democratic 1918
1924 (Lost)
1926 (special)
1928
1934
1940
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Michigan Arthur Vandenberg Republican 1928 (special)
1928
1934
1940
Incumbent re-elected.
Minnesota Henrik Shipstead Republican 1922
1928
1934
1940
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Mississippi Theodore G. Bilbo Democratic 1934
1940
Incumbent re-elected.
Missouri Frank P. Briggs Democratic 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Montana Burton K. Wheeler Democratic 1922
1928
1934
1940
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Nebraska Hugh A. Butler Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected.
Nevada Edward P. Carville Democratic 1945 (Appointed) Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
New Jersey H. Alexander Smith Republican 1944 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
New Mexico Dennis Chávez Democratic 1935 (Appointed)
1936 (special)
1940
Incumbent re-elected.
New York James M. Mead Democratic 1940 Incumbent retired to run for New York Governor.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
North Dakota William Langer Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio James W. Huffman Democratic 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Winner was not elected to finish the term; see above.
Pennsylvania Joseph F. Guffey Democratic 1934
1940
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Rhode Island Peter G. Gerry Democratic 1934
1940
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Tennessee Kenneth McKellar Democratic 1916
1922
1928
1934
1940
Incumbent re-elected.
Texas Tom Connally Democratic 1928
1934
1940
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Green tickY Tom Connally (Democratic) 88.5%
  • Murray C. Sells (Republican) 11.5%
Utah Abe Murdock Democratic 1940 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Vermont Ralph Flanders Republican 1946 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected.
  • Green tickY Ralph Flanders (Republican) 74.6%
  • Charles P. McDevitt (Democratic) 25.4%
Virginia Harry F. Byrd Democratic 1933 (Appointed)
1933 (special)
1934
1940
Incumbent re-elected.
Washington Hugh Mitchell Democratic 1945 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Incumbent resigned December 25, 1946.
Winner appointed December 26, 1946, to finish term.
West Virginia Harley M. Kilgore Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin Robert M. La Follette Jr. Progressive 1925 (special)
1928
1934
1940
Incumbent lost renomination as a Republican.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Wyoming Joseph C. O'Mahoney Democratic 1933 (Appointed)
1934
1940
Incumbent re-elected.

Closest races

Ten races had a margin of victory under 10%:

State Party of winner Margin
Maryland Democratic 0.4%
West Virginia Democratic 0.6%
Utah Republican (flip) 2.4%
New Mexico Democratic 3.0%
New York Republican (flip) 5.0%
Missouri Republican (flip) 5.6%[d]
Kentucky Republican 6.8%
Montana Republican (flip) 8.1%
Washington Republican (flip) 9.1%
California Republican 9.9%

Alabama (special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Alabama[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Sparkman 163,217 100.00%
Democratic hold

Arizona

1946 United States Senate election in Arizona

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Ernest McFarland Ward S. Powers
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 80,415 35,022
Percentage 69.18% 30.13%

County results
McFarland:      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Ernest McFarland
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Ernest McFarland
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Ernest McFarland ran for re-election to a second term, easily defeating Republican Ward S. Powers in the general election.

1946 United States Senate election in Arizona[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ernest McFarland (incumbent) 80,415 69.18%
Republican Ward S. Powers 35,022 30.13%
Communist Morris Graham 802 0.69%
Majority 45,393 39.05%
Turnout 116,239
Democratic hold

California

California (special)

Results

1946 U.S. Senate special election in California[4][10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Write-in William F. Knowland (inc.) 425,273 74.31%
Write-in Will Rogers Jr. 90,723 15.85%
Write-in George H. McLain 17,883 3.13%
Write-in Ellis E. Patterson 3,889 0.68%
Write-in Douglas Corrigan 2,464 0.43%
Write-in Vic Paulsen 1,616 0.28%
Write-in Moody Staten 1,494 0.26%
Write-in Hartley F. Peart 1,383 0.24%
Write-in George C. Highley 1,268 0.22%
Write-in James Moran 918 0.16%
Write-in Ben Rinaldo 765 0.13%
Write-in Aubrey D. Lewis 519 0.09%
Write-in Frank Merriam 507 0.09%
Write-in All others 23,619 4.13%
Total votes 572,321 100.00%

California (regular)

1946 United States Senate election in California

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee William F. Knowland Will Rogers Jr.
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,428,067 1,167,161
Percentage 54.10% 44.22%

County results
Knowland:      40–50%      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%
Rogers:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

William F. Knowland
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

William F. Knowland
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in California[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican William Knowland (Incumbent) 1,428,067 54.10%
Democratic Will Rogers Jr. 1,167,161 44.22%
Prohibition Douglas Corrigan 42,683 1.62%
Write-In Herbert Steiner 156 0.01%
None Scattering 1,398 0.05%
Majority 260,906 9.88%
Turnout 2,639,465
Republican hold

Connecticut

Senator Raymond E. Baldwin

There were 2 elections for the same seat due to the January 16, 1945, death of Democrat Francis T. Maloney. Republican Thomas C. Hart was appointed February 15, 1945, to continue the term, pending a special election. Republican Governor of Connecticut Raymond E. Baldwin won both elections, but resigned only three years after the election to become a state judge.

Connecticut (regular)

1946 United States Senate election in Connecticut

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1950 (special) →
 
Nominee Raymond E. Baldwin Joseph M. Tone
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 381,328 276,424
Percentage 55.84% 40.48%

County results
Baldwin:      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Thomas C. Hart
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Raymond E. Baldwin
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Connecticut[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Raymond E. Baldwin 381,328 55.84%
Democratic Joseph M. Tone 276,424 40.48%
Socialist Frederick C. Smedley 22,012 3.22%
Socialist Labor John W. Aiken 3,156 0,46%
Majority 104,904 29.32%
Turnout 682,920
Republican hold

Connecticut (special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Connecticut[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Raymond E. Baldwin 378,707 55.77%
Democratic Wilbur Lucius Cross 278,188 40.97%
Socialist Frederic C. Smedly 22,164 3.26%
Majority 100,519 14.80%
Turnout 679,059
Republican hold

Delaware

1946 United States Senate election in Delaware

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee John J. Williams James M. Tunnell
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 62,603 50,910
Percentage 55.15% 44.85%

County results
Williams:      50-60%

U.S. senator before election

James M. Tunnell
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

John J. Williams
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Delaware[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John J. Williams 62,603 55.15%
Democratic James M. Tunnell (Incumbent) 50,910 44.85%
Majority 11,693 10.30%
Turnout 113,513
Republican gain from Democratic

Florida

1946 United States Senate election in Florida

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Spessard Holland J. Harry Schad
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 156,232 42,408
Percentage 78.65% 21.35%

County results
Holland:      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%      80-90%      >90%

U.S. senator before election

Spessard Holland
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Spessard Holland
Democratic

1946 United States Senate election in Florida[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Spessard Holland (Incumbent) 156,232 78.65%
Republican J. Harry Schad 42,408 21.35%
Majority 113,824 57.30%
Turnout 198,640
Democratic hold

Idaho (special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Idaho[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Henry Dworshak 105,523 58.57%
Democratic George E. Donart 74,629 41.43%
Majority 30,894 17.14%
Turnout 180,152
Republican gain from Democratic

Indiana

1946 United States Senate election in Indiana

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee William E. Jenner M. Clifford Townsend
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 739,807 584,288
Percentage 54.91% 43.36%

County results
Jenner:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Townsend:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Raymond E. Willis
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

William E. Jenner
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Indiana[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican William E. Jenner 739,809 54.91%
Democratic M. Clifford Townsend 584,288 43.36%
Prohibition Elmer D. Riggs 21,008 1.56%
Socialist Labor John Marion Morris 1,523 0.11%
Communist Elmer G. Johnson 806 0.06%
Majority 155,521 15.55%
Turnout 1,347,434
Republican hold

Kentucky (special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Kentucky

← 1942 November 5, 1946 1948 →
 
Nominee John Sherman Cooper John Y. Brown
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 327,652 285,829
Percentage 53.27% 46.47%

County results
Cooper:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Brown:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%

U.S. senator before election

William A. Stanfill
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Sherman Cooper
Republican

1946 United States Senate special election in Kentucky[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Sherman Cooper 327,652 53.27%
Democratic John Young Brown 285,829 46.47%
Socialist W. E. Sandefur 1,638 0.27%
Majority 41,823 6.80%
Turnout 615,119
Republican hold

Maine

1946 United States Senate election in Maine[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Ralph Owen Brewster (Incumbent) 111,215 63.55%
Democratic Peter M. MacDonald 63,799 36.45%
Majority 47,416 27.10%
Turnout 175,014
Republican hold

Maryland

1946 United States Senate election in Maryland

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Herbert O'Conor D. John Markey
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 237,232 235,000
Percentage 50.24% 49.76%

County results
Markey:      50–60%      60–70%
O'Conor:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

George L. P. Radcliffe
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Herbert O'Conor
Democratic

1946 United States Senate election in Maryland[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Herbert O'Conor 237,232 50.24%
Republican D. John Markey 235,000 49.76%
Majority 2,232 0.48%
Turnout 472,232
Democratic hold

Massachusetts

1946 United States Senate election in Massachusetts

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. David I. Walsh
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 989,736 660,200
Percentage 59.55% 39.72%

Map key
Lodge:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%

U.S. senator before election

David I. Walsh
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
Republican

Republican Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. defeated incumbent David I. Walsh.

1946 United States Senate election in Massachusetts[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. 989,736 59.55
Democratic David I. Walsh (Incumbent) 660,200 39.72
Socialist Labor Henning A. Blomen 9,221 0.56
Prohibition Mark R. Shaw 2,898 0.17
Majority 329,536 19.83%
Turnout 1,662,055
Republican gain from Democratic

Michigan

1946 United States Senate election in Michigan

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Arthur Vandenberg James H. Lee
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,085,570 517,923
Percentage 67.06% 32.00%

County results
Vandenberg:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Arthur Vandenberg
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Arthur Vandenberg
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Michigan[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Arthur Vandenberg (Incumbent) 1,985,570 67.06%
Democratic James H. Lee 517,923 32.00%
Prohibition Lawrence A. Ruble 8,109 0.50%
Socialist Labor Theos A. Grove 4,572 0.28%
Communist Hugo Beiswenger 2,546 0.16%
Majority 1,467,647 35.06%
Turnout 1,618,720
Republican hold

Minnesota

1946 United States Senate election in Minnesota

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Edward J. Thye Theodore Jorgenson
Party Republican Democratic (DFL)
Popular vote 517,775 349,520
Percentage 58.92% 39.78%

County results
Thye:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Jorgenson:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Henrik Shipstead
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Edward J. Thye
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Minnesota[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Edward John Thye 517,775 58.92%
Democratic (DFL) Theodore Jorgenson 349,520 39.78%
Revolutionary Workers Grace Carlson 11,421 1.30%
Write-In Henrik Shipstead (Incumbent) 15 0.00%
Majority 168,255 19.14%
Turnout 878,731
Republican hold

Mississippi

1946 United States Senate election in Mississippi[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Theodore G. Bilbo (Incumbent) 46,747 100.00%
Democratic hold

Missouri

1946 United States Senate election in Missouri

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee James P. Kem Frank P. Briggs
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 572,556 511,544
Percentage 52.71% 47.09%

County results
Kem:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Briggs:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Frank P. Briggs
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

James P. Kem
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Missouri[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James P. Kem 572,556 52.71%
Democratic Frank P. Briggs (Incumbent) 411,544 47.09%
Prohibition Jackson 979 0.09%
Socialist W. F. Rinck 887 0.08%
Socialist Labor Baeff 275 0.03%
Majority 61,012 5.62%
Turnout 1,086,241
Republican gain from Democratic

Montana

1946 United States Senate election in Montana

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Zales Ecton Leif Erickson
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 101,901 86,476
Percentage 53.47% 45.38%

County results
Ecton:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Erickson:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%
     No data

U.S. senator before election

Burton K. Wheeler
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Zales Ecton
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Montana[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Zales Ecton 101,901 53.47%
Democratic Leif Erickson 86,476 45.38%
Socialist Floyd P. Jones 2,189 1.15%
Majority 15,425 8.09%
Turnout 190,566
Republican gain from Democratic

Nebraska

1946 United States Senate election in Nebraska

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Hugh A. Butler John E. Mekota
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 271,208 111,751
Percentage 70.82% 29.18%

County results
Butler:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Mekota:      60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Hugh A. Butler
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Hugh A. Butler
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Nebraska[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Hugh Butler (Incumbent) 271,208 70.82%
Democratic John E. Mekota 111,751 29.18%
Majority 159,457 41.64%
Turnout 382,958
Republican hold

Nevada

1946 United States Senate election in Nevada[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George W. Malone 27,801 55.21%
Democratic Berkeley L. Bunker 22,553 44.79%
Majority 5,248 10.42%
Turnout 50,354
Republican gain from Democratic

New Jersey

1946 United States Senate election in New Jersey

← 1944 (special) November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee H. Alexander Smith George E. Brunner
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 799,808 548,458
Percentage 58.50% 40.12%

County Results
Smith:      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%      80–90%
Brunner:      50–60%      60–70%

Senator before election

H. Alexander Smith
Republican

Elected Senator

H. Alexander Smith
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in New Jersey[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican H. Alexander Smith (Incumbent) 799,808 58.50%
Democratic George E. Brunner 548,458 40.12%
Socialist Labor John C. Butterworth 7,675 0.56%
Socialist Workers George Breitman 4,976 0.36%
Socialist Arthur Riley 2,226 0.16%
Prohibition George W. Ridout 1,711 0.13%
Anti-Medical Trust Federation Frederick W. Collins 1,676 0.12%
Independent American Mark M. Jones 625 0.05%
Majority 251,350 18.38%
Turnout 1,367,155
Republican hold

New Mexico

1946 United States Senate election in New Mexico[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Dennis Chávez (Incumbent) 68,650 51.51%
Republican Patrick J. Hurley 64,632 48.49%
Majority 4,018 3.02%
Turnout 133,282
Democratic hold

New York

1946 United States Senate election in New York

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Irving Ives Herbert Lehman
Party Republican Democratic
Alliance Liberal
American Labor
Popular vote 2,559,365 2,308,112
Percentage 52.58% 47.42%

County results
Ives:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Lehman:      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election

James M. Mead
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Irving M. Ives
Republican

The New York state election was held on November 5, 1946.

The Socialist Labor state convention met on April 7 and nominated Eric Hass for the U.S.Senate.[13] The party filed a petition to nominate candidates under the name "Industrial Government Party."

The Liberal Party gathered 51,015 signatures and filed a petition to nominate candidates with the Secretary of State on September 2.[14]

The Republican state convention met on September 4 at Saratoga Springs, New York. They nominated Assembly Majority Leader Irving M. Ives.[15]

The Democratic state convention met on September 4 at Albany, New York, and nominated Ex-Governor Herbert H. Lehman (in office 1933–1942) for the U.S. Senate.[16]

The American Labor state convention met on September 3 and endorsed Lehman.[17] Fielding, Chapman and Abt were withdrawn from the ticket on September 5, and Democrats Corning, Young and Epstein substituted on the ticket.[18]

The Socialist Workers Party filed a petition to nominate candidates headed by Farrell Dobbs for Governor.

The Industrial Government, Socialist and Socialist Workers tickets were not allowed on the ballot because of "defective nominating petitions." The Court of Appeals upheld the decisions of the lower courts.[19]

The whole Republican ticket was elected in a landslide.

New York general election[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Irving M. Ives 2,559,365 52.58% Increase5.92%
Total Herbert Lehman 2,308,112 47.42% Decrease5.16%
Democratic Herbert Lehman 1,688,887 34.70%
American Labor Herbert Lehman 435,846 8.95%
Liberal Herbert Lehman 183,379 3.77%
Total votes 4,867,477 36.14%
Republican gain from Democratic

Obs.:

  • "Blank, void and scattering" votes: 178,694

North Dakota

North Dakota (special)

1946 United States Senate special election in North Dakota

← 1944 June 25, 1946 1950 →
 
Nominee Milton Young P. W. "Bill" Lanier Gerald Nye
Party Republican Democratic Independent
Popular vote 75,998 37,507 20,848
Percentage 55.54% 27.41% 15.24%

County results
Young:      40-50%      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%

U.S. senator before election

Milton Young
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Milton Young
Republican

Newly-elected Democrat John Moses had died March 3, 1945, and Republican state senator Milton Young was appointed March 12, 1945, to continue the term, pending a special election.

Young was elected June 25, 1946, to finish the term that would end in 1951.

1946 United States Senate special election in North Dakota[21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Milton Young (Incumbent) 75,998 55.53
Democratic Bill Lanier 37,507 27.41
Independent Gerald P. Nye 20,848 15.23
Independent E.A. Johansson 2,473 1.81
Independent Scattering 26 0.02
Majority 38,491 28.13
Turnout 136,852
Republican hold

Young would go on to be elected 5 more times, serving until his 1975 retirement.

North Dakota (regular)

Senator William Langer

First-term Republican William Langer was re-elected to a second term.

1946 United States Senate election in North Dakota[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican William Langer (Incumbent) 88,210 53.34
Independent Arthur E. Thompson 38,804 23.46
Democratic Abner B. Larson 38,368 23.20
Majority 49,406 29.88
Turnout 165,382
Republican hold

Langer would be re-elected twice more, serving until his 1959 death.

Ohio

There were 2 elections to the same seat due to the September 30, 1945, resignation of Republican Harold H. Burton.

Democrat James W. Huffman was appointed to continue the term, pending a special election in which Huffman was not a candidate. Huffman was, however, nominated to the regular election,[22] which he lost.

Ohio (special)

Senator Kingsley A. Taft
Ohio special election[4][23]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Kingsley A. Taft 1,193,852 56.22%
Democratic Henry P. Webber 929,584 43.78%
Majority 264,268 12.44%
Turnout 2,123,436
Republican gain from Democratic

Ohio (regular)

Senator John W. Bricker
Ohio regular election[4][24]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John W. Bricker 1,275,774 57.02%
Democratic James W. Huffman (Incumbent) 947,610 42.36%
Socialist Labor William Farkas 13,885 0.62%
Majority 328,164 14.66%
Turnout 2,237,269
Republican gain from Democratic

Pennsylvania

1946 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Edward Martin Joseph F. Guffey
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,853,458 1,245,338
Percentage 59.26% 39.81%

County results

Cooke:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%

Guffey:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Joseph F. Guffey
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Edward Martin
Republican

Incumbent Democrat Joseph F. Guffey lost re-election to Republican Edward Martin.

General election results[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Edward Martin 1,853,458 59.26% +11.90%
Democratic Joseph F. Guffey (Incumbent) 1,245,338 39.81% -11.98%
Prohibition Dale H. Learn 17,451 0.56% +0.28%
Socialist Labor Frank Knotek 11,613 0.37% +0.31%
Majority 608,120 19.45%
Turnout 3,127,860
Republican gain from Democratic

Rhode Island

1946 United States Senate election in Rhode Island[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic J. Howard McGrath 150,748 55.11%
Republican W. Gurnee Dwyer 122,780 44.89%
Majority 27,968 10.22%
Turnout 273,528
Democratic hold

Tennessee

1946 United States Senate election in Tennessee[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Kenneth D. McKellar (Incumbent) 145,654 66.60%
Republican William B. Ladd 57,238 26.17%
Independent John Randolph Neal Jr. 11,516 5.27%
Independent Herman H. Ross 4,303 1.97%
None Scattering 3 0.00%
Majority 88,416 40.43%
Turnout 218,714
Democratic hold

Texas

1946 United States Senate election in Texas

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Tom Connally Murray Sells
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 336,931 43,750
Percentage 88.51% 11.49%

County Results[25]

Connally:      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Sells:      50–60%

No vote:      

U.S. senator before election

Tom Connally
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Tom Connally
Democratic

1946 United States Senate election in Texas[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Tom Connally (Incumbent) 336,931 88.51%
Republican Murray C. Sells 43,750 11.49%
Majority 293,181 77.02%
Turnout 380,681
Democratic hold

Utah

1946 United States Senate election in Utah[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Arthur Vivian Watkins 101,142 51.24%
Democratic Abe Murdock (incumbent) 96,257 48.76%
Majority 4,885 2.48%
Turnout 197,399
Republican gain from Democratic

Vermont

Incumbent Republican Ralph Flanders successfully ran for re-election to a full term in the United States Senate, defeating Democratic candidate Charles P. McDevitt.

1946 United States Senate election in Vermont[26]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Ralph Flanders (inc.) 54,729 74.62%
Democratic Charles P. McDevitt 18,594 25.35%
None Scattering 17 0.02%
Majority 36,135 49.27%
Total votes 73,340
Republican hold

Virginia

Virginia (regular)

Virginia election

← 1940
1952 →
 
Nominee Harry F. Byrd Sr. Lester S. Parsons
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 163,960 77,005
Percentage 64.8% 30.5%

County and Independent City Results

Byrd:      40-50%      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%      80-90%      90-100%

Parsons:      40-50%      50-60%

U.S. senator before election

Harry F. Byrd Sr.
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Harry F. Byrd Sr.
Democratic

Incumbent Harry F. Byrd Sr. was re-elected to a fourth term after defeating Republican Lester S. Parsons.

1946 United States Senate election in Virginia[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Harry F. Byrd Sr. (Incumbent) 163,960 64.84% -28.48%
Republican Lester S. Parsons 77,005 30.45% +30.45%
Independent Howard Carwile 5,189 2.05%
Communist Alice Burke 3,318 1.31% -1.50%
Prohibition Thomas E. Boorde 1,764 0.70% +0.70%
Socialist Clarke T. Robb 1,592 0.63% +0.63%
Write-ins 35 0.01% -0.06%
Majority 86,955 34.39% -55.14%
Turnout 252,863
Democratic hold

Virginia (special)

Senator Absalom Willis Robertson

Appointed Democrat Thomas G. Burch retired after filling the vacancy caused by the May 28, 1946, death of Democrat Carter Glass. Democrat Absalom Willis Robertson defeated Republican Robert H. Woods and was elected to finish Glass's term.

1946 United States Senate special election in Virginia[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Absalom Willis Robertson 169,680 68.15% -22.93%
Republican Robert H. Woods 72,253 29.02% +29.02%
Socialist Lawrence S. Wilkes 7,024 2.82% -3.71%
Write-ins 5 <0.01%
Majority 97,427 39.13% -45.42%
Turnout 248,962
Democratic hold

Washington

1946 United States Senate election in Washington

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Harry Cain Hugh Mitchell
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 358,847 298,683
Percentage 54.34% 45.23%

County results
Cain:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Mitchell:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Hugh Mitchell
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Harry Cain
Republican

1946 United States Senate election in Washington[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Harry P. Cain 358,847 54.34%
Democratic Hugh B. Mitchell (Incumbent) 298,683 45.23%
Socialist Labor Harry Morton 2,297 0.35%
Socialist Workers Charles R. Swett 515 0.08%
Majority 60,164 9.11%
Turnout 660,342
Republican gain from Democratic

West Virginia

1946 United States Senate election in West Virginia[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Harley M. Kilgore (Incumbent) 273,151 50.33%
Republican Thomas Sweeney 269,617 49.67%
Majority 3,534 0.66%
Turnout 542,768
Democratic hold

Wisconsin

1946 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

← 1940 November 5, 1946 1952 →
 
Nominee Joseph McCarthy Howard J. McMurray
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 620,430 378,772
Percentage 61.28% 37.41%

County results
McCarthy:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
McMurray:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Robert La Follette, Jr.
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Joseph McCarthy
Republican

Three-term incumbent Republican Robert La Follette Jr. lost renomination to Joseph McCarthy, who then won the general election.

}
Wisconsin Republican primary[27]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joseph McCarthy 207,935 47.25%
Republican Robert M. La Follette Jr. (Incumbent) 202,557 46.03%
Republican Perry J. Stearns 29,605 6.73%
Turnout 440,097
1946 United States Senate election in Wisconsin[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joseph McCarthy 620,430 61.15%
Democratic Howard J. McMurray 378,772 37.33%
Socialist Edwin Knappe 11,750 1.16%
Socialist Labor Georgia Cozzini 1,552 0.15%
None Scattering 2,090 0.21%
Majority 241,658 23.82%
Turnout 1,014,594
Republican hold

Wyoming

1946 United States Senate election in Wyoming[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Incumbent) 45,843 56.21%
Republican Harry B. Henderson 35,714 43.79%
Majority 10,129 12.42%
Turnout 81,557
Democratic hold

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Appointee elected to remainder of term in the North Dakota special election of June 25, 1946.
  2. ^ a b c Appointee elected
  3. ^ Appointee defeated
  4. ^ Missouri was the "tipping point" state.

References

  1. ^ Leuchtenburg, William E. (November 2006). "New Faces of 1946: An unpopular president. A war-weary people. In the midterm elections of 60 years ago, voters took aim at incumbents". Smithsonian (magazine). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. p. 2 of 5. Retrieved May 12, 2009. "On October 14, scarcely more than three weeks before midterm elections, Truman bit the bullet. Even when his approval rating dropped to 32 percent, he had told reporters that controls were indispensable. On this night, however, speaking to the largest radio audience since the end of the war, Truman lashed out at "the few men in Congress who, in the service of selfish interests, have been determined for some time to wreck price controls no matter what the cost might be to our people." Then he stunned the nation by announcing that he was lifting controls on meat. With the lid off, prices skyrocketed. The New York Daily News headlined: PRICES SOAR, BUYERS SORE/STEERS JUMP OVER THE MOON. Brickbats flew at the president. "Brother," said Ohio's Clarence J. Brown, chair of the Republican Congressional Committee, "the tide is sweepin' our way.""
  2. ^ Arthur Krock (November 10, 1946). "Dominant Cause Seen for Republican Sweep". New York Times. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
  3. ^ "Three Republicans Who Will Lead the Next Congress". New York Times. November 10, 1946. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives (February 1, 1947). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1946" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 1, 7, 12, 38, 43.
  5. ^ a b "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  6. ^ a b "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  7. ^ a b "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  8. ^ "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  9. ^ "Our Campaigns - AZ US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1946". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  10. ^ "Our Campaigns - CA US Senate Special". OurCampaigns. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  11. ^ "Our Campaigns - CT US Senate Race - Nov 04, 1946". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  12. ^ "Our Campaigns - MA US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1946". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  13. ^ "Socialist Labor Party Ticket". The New York Times. April 8, 1946.
  14. ^ "LIBERALS TO FILE PETITIONS TODAY". The New York Times. September 2, 1946.
  15. ^ "ALBANY 'TEAM' KEPT". The New York Times. September 5, 1946.
  16. ^ "DEWEY IS ASSAILED; ...MEAD SPURNS ANY RED AID". The New York Times. September 5, 1946.
  17. ^ "DEMOCRATIC DEAL IRKS LABOR PARTY". The New York Times. September 4, 1946.
  18. ^ "ALP WITHDRAWS 3 FROM STATE TICKET". The New York Times. September 6, 1946.
  19. ^ "MINOR PARTIES RULED OFF BALLOT IN STATE". The New York Times. October 26, 1946.
  20. ^ "Our Campaigns - NY US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1946". OurCampaigns. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  21. ^ "Statement of the Findings of the State Board of Canvassers, Primary Election Held June 25 , 1946" (PDF). North Dakota Secretary of State. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  22. ^ "Our Campaigns - OH US Senate - D Primary Race - May 07, 1946". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  23. ^ "Our Campaigns - OH US Senate- Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1946". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  24. ^ "Our Campaigns - OH US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1946". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  25. ^ Heard, Alexander; Strong, Donald (1950). Southern Primaries and Elections 1920-1949. University of Alabama Press. pp. 179–181. ISBN 9780836955248.
  26. ^ "General Election Results - U.S. Senator - 1914-2014" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  27. ^ "WI US Senate - R Primary". OurCampaigns. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
This page was last edited on 16 March 2024, at 17:52
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