| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | L. Oterma |
| Discovery site | Turku Obs. |
| Discovery date | 18 November 1938 |
| Designations | |
| (1522) Kokkola | |
Named after | Kokkola (Finnish town)[2] |
| 1938 WO · 1949 WB | |
| main-belt · Vestoid[3] | |
| Orbital characteristics[1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 77.72 yr (28,389 days) |
| Aphelion | 2.5398 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.1955 AU |
| 2.3677 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.0727 |
| 3.64 yr (1,331 days) | |
| 196.45° | |
| 0° 16m 13.8s / day | |
| Inclination | 5.3522° |
| 60.617° | |
| 30.542° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 8.65±0.57 km[4] 9.422±0.094 km[5] 9.57 km (derived)[3] 9.781±0.080 km[6] |
| 5.83 h[7] | |
| 0.1924±0.0374[6] 0.20 (assumed)[3] 0.206±0.011[5] 0.252±0.025[4] | |
| LS[8] · S[3] B–V = 0.880[1] U–B = 0.510[1] | |
| 12.30±0.35[8] · 12.43[1][4] · 12.46[3][6][7] | |
1522 Kokkola, provisional designation 1938 WO, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 18 November 1938, by pioneering Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland.[9] It was later named for the town of Kokkola.[2]
Classification and orbit
The S-type asteroid and member of the Vesta family is also classified as LS-type, an intermediate to the L-types.[8] It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.2–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,331 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Due to a precovery taken at Turku, Kokkola's observation arc was extended by 3 weeks prior to its official discovery observation.[9]
Physical characteristics
In May 1984, American astronomer Richard Binzel obtained a rotational lightcurve of Kokkola from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.83 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.29 magnitude (U=3).[7]
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Kokkola measures 9.42 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.206 (revised albedo fits from 2014).[5][6][4] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.20 and derives a diameter of 9.57 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.46.[3]
Naming
This minor planet was named for Kokkola, a Finnish town and port on the Gulf of Bothnia.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3929).[10]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1522 Kokkola (1938 WO)" (2016-07-13 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
- ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1522) Kokkola". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1522) Kokkola. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 121. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1523. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- ^ a b c d e f "LCDB Data for (1522) Kokkola". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
- ^ a b c Binzel, R. P. (October 1987). "A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids". Icarus. 72 (1): 135–208. Bibcode:1987Icar...72..135B. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4. ISSN 0019-1035. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ a b c Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ a b "1522 Kokkola (1938 WO)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.
External links
- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 1522 Kokkola at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 1522 Kokkola at the JPL Small-Body Database
This page was last edited on 25 December 2023, at 19:54