William Cunningham (economist)

The Reverend William Cunningham FBA

Born	(1849-12-29)29 December 1849 Edinburgh, Scotland
Died	10 June 1919(1919-06-10) (aged 69) Cambridge, England
Known for	Establishment of economic history in Britain
Spouse	Adèle Rebecca Dunlop (m. 1876) ^[1]


Ecclesiastical career
Religion	Christianity (Anglican)
Church	Church of England^[2]
Ordained	1873 (deacon)^[3] 1874 (priest)^[3]
Offices held	Archdeacon of Ely (1907–1919)




Academic background
Alma mater	University of Edinburgh Trinity College, Cambridge
Thesis	The Influence of Descartes on Metaphysical Speculation in England (1876)
Influences	F. D. Maurice^[4]
Academic work
Discipline	Economics history
Sub-discipline	Economic history
School or tradition	English historical school of economics
Institutions	Trinity College, Cambridge King's College, London
Notable students	Ellen McArthur^[5]
Notable works	The Growth of English Industry and Commerce (1882)
Influenced	Annie Abram^[6] Lilian Knowles^[7]

William Cunningham FBA (29 December 1849 – 10 June 1919) was a Scottish economic historian and Anglican priest. He was a proponent of the historical method in economics and an opponent of free trade.

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Early life and education

Cunningham was born in Edinburgh, Scotland,^[8] the third son of James Cunningham, Writer to the Signet. Educated at the Edinburgh Institution (taught by Robert McNair Ferguson, amongst others),^[9] the Edinburgh Academy, the University of Edinburgh, and Trinity College, Cambridge, he graduated BA in 1873, having gained first-class honours in the Moral Science tripos.^[3]^[10]

Career

Cunningham took holy orders in 1873, later serving as chaplain of Trinity College, Cambridge, from 1880 to 1891.^[11] He was university lecturer in history from 1884 to 1891, in which year he was appointed Tooke Professor of Economy and Statistics at King's College, London, a post which he held until 1897.^[12] He was lecturer in economic history at Harvard University (c. 1899), and Hulsean Lecturer at Cambridge (1885).^[13] He became vicar of Great St Mary's, Cambridge, in 1887, and was a founding fellow of the British Academy.^[2] In 1907 he was appointed Archdeacon of Ely.^[14]^[15]

Cunningham's Growth of English Industry and Commerce During the Early and Middle Ages (1890; 4th ed., 1905) and Growth of English Industry and Commerce in Modern Times (1882; 3rd ed., 1903) were at the time among the standard works of reference on the industrial history of England.^[16]

Cunningham's eminence as an economic historian gave special importance to his support of Joseph Chamberlain from 1903 onwards in criticizing the English free-trade policies and advocating tariff reform.

He was a critic of the nascent neoclassical economics, particularly as propounded by his colleague, Alfred Marshall, and the Cambridge school.

Cunningham has been described as "a champion of women's education in Cambridge."^[17] He taught the British historian Annie Abram.

Cunningham died in 1919 in Cambridge, England.^[2]

Works

Growth of English Industry and Commerce in Modern Times: The Mercantile System (1882); Cambridge U. Press, revised 7th ed. (1907) on line, McMaster
Politics and Economics: An Essay on the Nature of the Principles of Political Economy, Together with a Survey of Recent Legislation, London, Kegan, Paul, Trench & Co. (1885)
Growth of English Industry and Commerce During the Early and Middle Ages (1890); Cambridge, 5th ed. (1910) on line, McMaster
The Use and Abuse of Money, New York, Scribner's (1891); Kessinger, (2006) ISBN 1-4254-9423-4
William Cunningham (1897). Alien Immigrants to England. The Macmillan Co. alien immigrants to england.; Routledge (1997) ISBN 0-7146-1295-2
An Essay on Western Civilization in Its Economic Aspects (Ancient Times), Cambridge U. Press (1898)
An Essay on Western Civilization in Its Economic Aspects (Mediaeval and Modern Times), Cambridge U. Press (1900)
The Rise and Decline of the Free Trade Movement (1904);^[18] Cosimo ISBN 1-60520-115-4
Christianity and Politics, Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin (1915)
The Story of Cambridgeshire (1920). Cambridge University Press (reissued by Cambridge University Press, 2009; ISBN 978-1-108-00341-4)

References

Footnotes

^ Koot 2004; Scott 1920, p. 4.
^ ^a ^b ^c Koot 2004.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Cunningham, William (CNNN869W)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ Koot 2004; Scott 1920, p. 3.
^ Erickson 2018, p. 29.
^ Goldberg 2013, p. 193.
^ Berg 1996, p. 70.
^ Koot 2004; Scott 1920, p. 2.
^ Scott 1920, p. 2.
^ Chisholm 1911, p. 633.
^ Chisholm 1911, p. 633; Koot 2004.
^ Scott 1920, p. 8.
^ Koot 2004; Scott 1920, pp. 5, 7.
^ Chisholm 1911, pp. 633–634.
^ Bentley 2005, p. 185.
^ Chisholm 1911, p. 634.
^ Berg 1996, p. 8.
^ "Review of The Rise and Decline of the Free Trade Movement by W. Cunningham". The Oxford Magazine. 23. The Proprietors: 348. 24 May 1905. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

Bibliography

Bentley, Michael (2005). "The Evolution and Dissemination of Historical Knowledge". In Daunton, Martin (ed.). The Organisation of Knowledge in Victorian Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-726326-6.
Berg, Maxine (1996). A Woman in History: Eileen Power, 1889–1940. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-56852-4.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cunningham, William". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 633–634.
Erickson, Amy Louise (2018). "Ellen Annette McArthur: Establishing a Presence in the Academy". In Smith, Hilda L.; Zook, Melinda (eds.). Generations of Women Historians: Within and Beyond the Academy. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 25–48. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77568-5_2. ISBN 978-3-319-77568-5. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
Goldberg, Jeremy (2013). "Some Reflections on Women, Work, and the Family in the Later Medieval English Town". In Solórzano Telechea, Jesús Ángel; Arízaga Bolumburu, Beatriz Arízaga; Aguiar Andrade, Amélia (eds.). Ser mujer en la ciudad medieval europea. Logroño, Spain: Instituto de Estudios Riojanos. pp. 191–214. ISBN 978-84-9960-052-9. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
Koot, Gerard M. (2004). "Cunningham, William (1849–1919)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32669.
Scott, W. R. (1920). William Cunningham (1849–1919). London: British Academy. Retrieved 26 December 2019.

External links

Works by or about William Cunningham at Wikisource
Works by William Cunningham at Project Gutenberg

Church of England titles
Preceded by William Emery	Archdeacon of Ely 1907–1919	Succeeded by Horace Price
Academic offices
Preceded by Thomas George Bonney	Hulsean Lecturer 1885	Succeeded by John de Soyres
Professional and academic associations
Preceded by William Hunt	President of the Royal Historical Society 1909–1913	Succeeded by Charles Firth

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Presidents of the Royal Historical Society

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1891–1899 Sir M. E. Grant Duff
1899–1901 Sir Adolphus Ward
1901–1905 Sir George Prothero
1905–1909 William Hunt
1909–1913 William Cunningham
1913–1917 Sir Charles Firth
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This page was last edited on 4 April 2024, at 08:04

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