Wailaki language

Wailaki
Eel River
Native to	United States
Region	California
Ethnicity	Eel River Athapaskans
Extinct	1960s^[1]
Language family	Dené–Yeniseian? Na-Dené Athabaskan Pacific Coast Athabaskan California Athabaskan Wailaki
Dialects	Sinkyone Wailaki Nongatl Lassik
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`wlk`
Glottolog	`wail1244`
ELP	Eel River Athabaskan
Wailaki and other California Athabaskan languages.
Eel River Athabaskan is classified as Extinct by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger ^[2]

Wailaki, also known as Eel River, is an extinct Athabaskan language spoken by the people of the Round Valley Reservation of northern California, one of four languages belonging to the California Athabaskan cluster of the Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages. Dialect clusters reflect the four Wailaki-speaking peoples, the Sinkyone, Wailaki, Nongatl, and Lassik, of the Eel River confederation.

Phonology

The sounds in Wailaki:

		Bilabial	Alveolar			Palatal	Velar		Glottal
		Bilabial	plain	sibilant	lateral	Palatal	plain	pal.	Glottal
Nasal		m^[a]	n				ŋ
Plosive	plain	p	t	ts^[a]		tʃ	k	kʲ	ʔ
	aspirated		tʰ			tʃʰ	kʰ	kʲʰ
	ejective		tʼ	tsʼ		tʃʼ	kʼ	kʲʼ
Fricative				s	ɬ	ʃ	ɣ		h
Approximant					l	j	w^[a]

Vowels in Wailaki are /i e a o/, and with length as /iː eː aː oː/.

^ Wailaki at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
^ Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 11.

Goddard, Pliny E. (1923). "Wailaki Texts". International Journal of American Linguistics. 2 (3/4): 77–135. doi:10.1086/463738. JSTOR 1263274. S2CID 224806395.
Seaburg, William R. (1977). "A Wailaki (Athapaskan) Text with Comparative Notes". International Journal of American Linguistics. 43 (4): 327–332. doi:10.1086/465503. S2CID 144969995.
Begay, Kayla Rae (2017). Wailaki Grammar (Ph.D. thesis). University of California Berkeley.

Italics indicate extinct languages

Algic	Wiyot Yurok
Athabaskan	Tolowa Hupa Mattole Cahto Wailaki
Chumashan	Obispeño Cruzeño Purisimeño Ineseño Barbareño Ventureño
Ohlone	Karkin Chochenyo Ramaytush Tamyen Awaswas Mutsun Rumsen Chalon
Hokan	Chimariko Karuk Achomawi Atsugewi Northeastern Pomo Eastern Pomo Southeastern Pomo Northern Pomo Central Pomo Southern Pomo Kashaya Washo Mojave Kumeyaay Yana Yahi
Penutian	Klamath-Mudoc Yokuts Buena Vista Yokuts Gashowu Yokuts Kings River Yokuts Palewyami Tule-Kaweah Yokuts Valley Yokuts Wintu Bay Miwok Coast Miwok Lake Miwok Plains Miwok Central Sierra Miwok Northern Sierra Miwok Southern Sierra Miwok Valley Maidu Northeast Maidu Northwest Maidu Nisenan
Shastan	Konomihu New River Shasta Okwanuchu Shasta
Uto Aztecan	Cahuilla Cupeño Kawaiisu Kitanemuk Luiseño-Juaneño Mono Northern Paiute Panamint Serrano Tataviam Tongva Tübatulabal Ute
Wintuan	Nomlaki Patwin Southern Patwin Wintu
Yukian	Yuki, Wappo
Language isolates and unclassified	Esselen, Chimariko, Karuk, Salinan, Takelma Plains Sign Talk

Non-Indigenous

Indo-European	American English California English Chicano English Spanish Armenian Persian Punjabi Russian
Asian	Chinese Korean Tagalog Vietnamese
Francosign	American Sign Language

Southern Alaskan	Ahtna Denaʼina
Central Alaska–Yukon	Deg Hitʼan Gwichʼin Hän Holikachuk Koyukon Lower Tanana Northern Tutchone Southern Tutchone Tanacross Upper Kuskokwim Upper Tanana
Northwestern Canada	Dene Suline Dogrib Dunneza Kaska Sekani Slavey Tagish Tahltan
Central British Columbia	Babine–Witsuwitʼen Chilcotin Dakelh
Other North Athabaskan	Kwalhioqua–Clatskanie Nicola Tsetsaut Tsuutʼina

California Athabaskan	Kato Hupa Mattole Wailaki
Oregon Athabaskan	Tolowa Lower Rogue River Upper Rogue River Upper Umpqua

Western Apachean	Chiricahua Mescalero Navajo Western Apache
Eastern Apachean	Jicarilla Lipan
Plains Apachean	Plains Apache

This page was last edited on 9 May 2024, at 21:53