To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

How to transfigure the Wikipedia

Would you like Wikipedia to always look as professional and up-to-date? We have created a browser extension. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology.

Try it — you can delete it anytime.

Install in 5 seconds
4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
Great Wikipedia has got greater.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

Trifluorotoluene

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Trifluorotoluene
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
(Trifluoromethyl)benzene
Other names
Benzotrifluoride (BTF)
α,α,α-Trifluorotoluene
CF3Ph
PhCF3
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.002.396 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 202-635-0
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C7H5F3/c8-7(9,10)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H
    Key: GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F
Properties
C6H5CF3
Molar mass 146.11 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid
Odor aromatic
Density 1.19 g/mL at 20 °C
Melting point −29.05 °C (−20.29 °F; 244.10 K)
Boiling point 103.46 °C (218.23 °F; 376.61 K)
<0.1 g/100 mL at 21 °C
Solubility soluble in ether, benzene, ethanol, acetone
miscible in n-heptane, CCl4
1.41486 (13 °C)
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 0: Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material. E.g. sodium chlorideFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
3
0
Flash point 12 °C (54 °F; 285 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Trifluorotoluene is an organic compound with the formula of C6H5CF3. This colorless fluorocarbon is used as a specialty solvent in organic synthesis and an intermediate in the production of pesticides and pharmaceuticals.[1]

Synthesis

For small-scale laboratory preparations, trifluorotoluene is synthesized by coupling an aromatic halide and trifluoromethyl iodide in the presence of a copper catalyst:[2]

PhX + CF3I → PhCF3 (where X = I, Br)

Industrial production is done by reacting benzotrichloride with hydrogen fluoride in a pressurized reactor.[3]

PhCCl3 + 3 HF → PhCF3 + 3 HCl

Uses

Trifluorotoluene has a variety of niche uses.

Low toxicity alternative to dichloromethane

According to Ogawa and Curran, trifluorotoluene is similar to dichloromethane in standard acylation, tosylation, and silylation reactions.[4] The dielectric constants for dichloromethane and trifluorotoluene are 9.04 and 9.18, respectively, indicating similar solvating properties. Dipole moments compare less favorably: 1.89 and 2.86 D for dichloromethane and trifluorotoluene, respectively. Replacing dichloromethane is advantageous when conditions require higher boiling solvents, since trifluorotoluene boils at 103 °C it has a higher boiling point than dichloromethane, which has a boiling point of ~40 °C.

As a solvent, trifluorotoluene is useful in mild Lewis-acid catalyzed reactions, such as the Friedel-Crafts preparations. The most common catalyst, aluminium trichloride reacts with trifluorotoluene at room temperature; however, zinc chloride does not.

Synthetic intermediate

A second and perhaps more valuable use of trifluorotoluene is as a synthetic intermediate. A derivative of trifluorotoluene, 3-aminobenzotrifluoride, is the precursor to the herbicide fluometuron.[3] It is synthesized via nitration followed by reduction to meta-H2NC6H4CF3. This aniline is then converted to the urea.

Flumetramide (6-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]morpholin-3-one), a skeletal muscle relaxant, is also prepared from trifluorotoluene.[1]

Analytics

Trifluorotoluene appears in 19F NMR as a singlet at -63.2 ppm.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b Banks, R.E. Organofluorine Chemicals and their Industrial Applications, Ellis Horwood LTD, Chichester, 1979.
  2. ^ Ogawa, Akiya; Tsuchii, Kaname "α,α,α-Trifluorotoluene" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis 2005, John Wiley and Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rn00653
  3. ^ a b Siegemund, Günter "Aromatic Compounds with Fluorinated Side-Chains" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_349.
  4. ^ Ogawa, Akiya; Curran, Dennis P. (1997). "Benzotrifluoride: A Useful Alternative Solvent for Organic Reactions Currently Conducted in Dichloromethane and Related Solvents". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 62 (3): 450–451. doi:10.1021/jo9620324. PMID 11671431.
  5. ^ Denmark, Scott E.; Smith, Russell C. (3 February 2010). "Mechanistic Duality in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryldimethylsilanolates. Intermediacy of an 8-Si-4 Arylpalladium(II) Silanolate (Supplementary Material, referenced as PhCF3)". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132 (4): 1243–1245. doi:10.1021/ja907049y. PMC 2812642. PMID 20058920.
This page was last edited on 16 May 2023, at 17:16
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.
Contact WIKI 2
Introduction
Terms of Service
Privacy Policy