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Speed skating rink

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A speed skating rink (or speed skating oval) is an ice rink in which a speed skating competition is held.

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Transcription

My name is Kjeld Nuis. I'm a long distance skater and my goal is to win an Olympic medal. During my first year on the team, I didn't get to participate in the Olympics. This year, I hope to fully make up for that. When Red Bull asked me how they can help to improve my sports performance I involved my coach Jac Orie. We questioned ourselves; can they hep us with something like that where it's never been done before? He suggested a video analysis to investigate my technique from different angles. We hope to see things we have never seen before. Jac Orie is kind of like our ice rink scientist. He is a human movement scientist and approaches things differently. In skating, it's obviously important that you have power and speed. But all these strengths must come together at a single moment to create the ideal forward movement. And finding that precise moment is very difficult. And then he came up with the idea of a video analysis. We shot video footage but with limited results After a conversation with Red Bull, they wanted to help us take it a step further. To shoot images that were really useful to us, ad were far beyond what a commercial team and normal video footage could offer us. In skating it's almost impossible to view all positions simultaneously. There are generally only one of two camera positions. This great system consists of a steel arch fitted with 60 cameras that were all shot at the same instance. This means that we can view skaters from angles that we've never seen before and in 60 different positions. We also strung a cable along the entire straight of the rink and used this to shoot unique footage from above and diagonally above. Once a cable with a camera runs along the rink and a skater can be viewed from above, it becomes possible to determine the direction of his body and his skates during forward movement. I hope that Jac can find things that I'm not doing 100% correctly. If everything is okay, that's great, but I can learn from mistakes and improve them. The final goal is to become as quick as possible. I'm sure that this could make the difference between winning a medal or not. Sometimes, very small factors can make the difference, especially if they haven't been thoroughly analyzed. I also want to find things that I simply haven't known before. If you've never seen things from a certain perspective, you have to question everything you come across. Today, we'll focus on three points. When the front end of one foot is near the heel of the other as you push forward, then we'll look at your vertical angle in relation to the ice, to make sure that you're not leaning to the side. I want to check the angle of your knee at the precise moment you push forward. And the direction you follow in relation to the ice. Right now, your toe is at your heel and we've checked how you place your foot in relation to the straight line. You actually do that really well. If the angle was below ten degrees, you'd be overcompensating and holding yourself back, which would slow you down. Do you remember what we did in Salt Lake City last year? When Wouter showed us that you began to lean forward, this is still around 106 degrees. That's great, but here you're getting a little tired as you go under the camera arch. You'll see that you're leaning forward a little bit. You can see that here too; you're feeling tired and your body's leaning forward. Do you see that? It's a 5 degree difference. As you push forward, your body follows. You should maintain momentum as you push instead of allowing your body to follow your leg. You always want to achieve the maximum results possible and be the fastest and the best. Because if you want to make a difference, you have to start somewhere. Sometimes, very small factors can make the difference, and I think that this will help us improve even more.

The rink

A standard long track speed skating track is, according to the regulations of the International Skating Union (ISU), a double-laned track with two curved ends each of 180°, in which the radius of the inner curve is not less than 25 metres and not more than 26 metres. The width of the competition lanes is 4 metres. At the opposite straight of the finishing line, there is a crossing area, where the skaters must change lane.[1]

At international competitions, the track must be 400 metres long, with a warm-up lane at least 4 metres wide inside the competition lanes.[2] For Olympic competitions, the track must also be enclosed within a building.[3]

The design and dimensions of a speed skating track have remained more or less unchanged since the foundation of ISU in 1892.

The speed skating track is also used for the sports of Icetrack cycling and Ice speedway

Measurement and demarcation

The dimensions of a standard speed skating rink

The measurement of the track is made half a meter into the lane.[4] The total length of the track is the distance a competitor skates each lap, i.e. the length of two straights, one inner curve and one outer curve, in addition to the extra distance skated when changing lanes in the cross-over area, which on a standard track equals 7 centimeters.

  • A 400 m track with inner radius 25.0 m has 113.57 m long straights
  • A 400 m track with inner radius 25.5 m has 112.00 m long straights
  • A 400 m track with inner radius 26.0 m has 110.43 m long straights

The demarcation of the competition lanes are made by painted lines in the ice (or a set of painted marks) and movable blocks of rubber. On outdoor tracks, snow may also be used for demarcation of the competition lanes.[5]

Alternative speed skating tracks

Although ISU regulations state that minimum measures for a standard speed skating track, alternative track lengths may be used for competition. The minimum requirements are track length on 200 meters, radius of inner curve of 15  meters and width of the competition lanes 2 meters.[6]

Short track speed skating tracks have a length of 111.111 metres (364.54 ft). The rink is 60 metres (200 ft) long by 30 metres (98 ft) wide, which is the same size as an international-sized ice hockey rink.

Combination with other sports

Medeu is also suitable for bandy

Many speed skating venues have ice hockey rinks or no ice area at all inside the oval. A few are suitable also for bandy, like Hamar Olympic Hall,[7] Ice Palace Krylatskoye,[8] and Medeu.[9] The Beijing National Speed Skating Oval in Beijing, China, which is in the process of being built for the 2022 Winter Olympics, is also designed appropriately for that sport.[10][11] There is a growing cooperation between International Skating Union and Federation of International Bandy, since both have an interest in more indoor venues with large ice surfaces being built.[12] In Norway there is an agreement in place, stating that an indoor arena intended primarily for either bandy or long track speed skating, shall have ice surface for the other sport as well.

Indoor speed skating tracks

Below is a complete list of the indoor 400 m speed skating tracks around the world. The data presented are retrieved from the online database Speed Skating News.[13]

Country City Track name Elevation (m) Finished
Belarus Belarus Minsk Minsk Arena 209 2010
Canada Canada Calgary Olympic Oval 1105 1987
Canada Canada Fort St. John Pomeroy Sport Centre 671 2009
Canada Canada Richmond Richmond Olympic Oval 4 2008*
China China Changchun Jilin Provincial Speed Skating Rink 210 2005
China China Daqing Daqing Stadium 149 2005
China China Harbin Heilongjiang Indoor Rink 141 1995
China China Qiqihar Indoor Icerink 146 2007
China China Shenyang Bayi Speed Skating Oval 48 1999
China China Ürümqi Xinjiang Ice Sport Centre 1710 2015
Germany Germany Berlin Sportforum Hohenschönhausen 34 1985
Germany Germany Erfurt Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann Halle 214 2001
Germany Germany Inzell Max Aicher Arena 690 2011
Italy Italy Torino Oval Lingotto 233 2005
Japan Japan Nagano M-Wave 346 1996
Japan Japan Obihiro Meiji Hokkaido-Tokachi Oval 79 2009
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Astana Alau Ice Palace 348 2011
Netherlands Netherlands Breda Kunstijsbaan Breda 5 2001
Netherlands Netherlands Dronten Leisure World Ice Center -3 1998
Netherlands Netherlands Enschede IJsbaan Twente 27 2008
Netherlands Netherlands Groningen Kardinge 0 1993
Netherlands Netherlands Heerenveen Thialf 0 1986
Netherlands Netherlands Hoorn De Westfries 0 2006
Netherlands Netherlands Tilburg Ireen Wüst IJsbaan 13 2009
Netherlands Netherlands Leeuwarden Elfstedenhal 0 2015
Norway Norway Botngård, Bjugn Fosenhallen 8 2007
Norway Norway Hamar Vikingskipet 125 1992
Norway Norway Stavanger Sørmarka Arena 48 2010
Poland Poland Tomaszów Mazowiecki Ice Arena Tomaszów Mazowiecki 153 2017
Russia Russia Chelyabinsk Uralskaya Molniya 222 2005
Russia Russia Kolomna Speed Skating Centre 120 2006
Russia Russia Moscow Ice Palace Krylatskoye 127 2004
Russia Russia Sochi Adler Arena Skating Center 5 2012
Russia Russia Irkutsk Ice Palace Baikal 420 2020
Russia Russia Kemerovo Ice Palace Kuzbass 2021
South Korea South Korea Gangneung Gangneung Oval 26 2015
South Korea South Korea Seoul Taereung Indoor Ice Rink 63 2000
Sweden Sweden Gothenburg Rudhallen 40 2002
United States USA West Allis, Milwaukee Pettit National Ice Center 216 1993
United States USA Kearns, Salt Lake City Utah Olympic Oval 1423 2000
  • Note: The Richmond Olympic Oval was dismantled upon completion of the 2010 Winter Olympics and is no longer used for speed skating. However, if the need arises the speed skating rink can be reinstalled.

Other major speed skating tracks

In the table below, some of the world's major outdoor speed skating tracks still in use are listed. This is not a complete list of speed skating venues, but lists most of the outdoor tracks used for world cup competitions and championships the past years. The data in the table are retrieved from the Speed Skating News database.[13]

Country City Track name Altitude (meters) Finished Other
Austria Austria Innsbruck Olympia Eisstadion 586 1963 Winter Olympics 1964 and 1976
Canada Canada Halifax Emera Oval 30 2011
Canada Canada Québec City Anneau Gaétan-Boucher 103 1972 Artificial ice in 1985, now closed, converted to an indoor oval. The building complex is now as know the « Centre de Glaces » for autumn 2021. This oval is now covered and should be on the indoor list as of Fall(?) 2022. The name of the 400 m ice track hasn't changed.
Canada Canada Saskatoon Clarence Downey Oval 485 1947 Natural ice
Canada Canada Winnipeg Susan Auch Oval 234 1979 Natural ice
Finland Finland Helsinki Oulunkylän Liikuntapuisto 39 1977
Finland Finland Seinäjoki Jääurheilukeskus 44 1952
Hungary Hungary Budapest Városligeti Műjégpálya 115 1968
Italy Italy Baselga di Piné Ice Rink Piné 998 1985 Winter Olympics 2026, to expand for indoor configuration.
Italy Italy Collalbo Arena Ritten 1173 1989
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Almaty Medeu 1691 1951 Artificial ice in 1972, Included in the defeated bid for 2014 and 2022 Winter Olympics in Almaty.
Netherlands Netherlands Amsterdam Jaap Eden IJsbaan -5 1961
Netherlands Netherlands Deventer De Scheg 6 1992 Semi-covered
Netherlands Netherlands The Hague De Uithof 0 1989 Semi-covered
Netherlands Netherlands Haarlem IJsbaan Kennemerland 0 1977 Semi-covered
Netherlands Netherlands Utrecht De Vechtsebanen -2 1970 Semi-covered
Norway Norway Oslo Frogner stadion 42 1914 Artificial ice in 2010
Norway Norway Oslo Valle Hovin 92 1966 Included in the cancelled bid for 2022 Winter Olympics in Oslo and Lillehammer.
Poland Poland Warsaw Tor Stegny 82 1979
Poland Poland Zakopane Tor Cos 932 1956 Included in the cancelled bid for 2022 Winter Olympics in Krakow.
Switzerland Switzerland Davos Eisstadion Davos 1560 1894 Natural ice, Included in the cancelled bid for 2022 Winter Olympics in Kanton of Graubünden.
United States USA Lake Placid James B. Sheffield Olympic Skating Rink 568 1977 Winter Olympics 1980, Winter Universiade 2023.
United States USA Roseville John Rose Minnesota Oval 276 1993 Refrigerated Ice

References

  1. ^ [ISU Special Regulations and Technical Rules] - Rule 203
  2. ^ ISU Special Regulations and Technical Rules - Rule 205
  3. ^ ISU Special Regulations and Technical Rules - Rule 206
  4. ^ ISU Special Regulations and Technical Rules - Rule 228
  5. ^ ISU Special Regulations and Technical Rules - Rule 226
  6. ^ ISU Special Regulations and Technical Rules - Rule 204
  7. ^ bandyforbundet.no
  8. ^ image at rsport.ru
  9. ^ image at on.kz, via Wayback Machine
  10. ^ Beijing unveils design of speed skating venue for Olympics
  11. ^ "Сайт любителей русского хоккея — www.kuzbassbandyclub.ru".
  12. ^ kuzbassbandyclub.ru
  13. ^ a b Speed Skating News

Gallery

See also

This page was last edited on 26 May 2024, at 21:06
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