Republic of New Granada

Republic of New Granada República de la Nueva Granada (Spanish)
1831–1858
Flag  Coat of arms
Motto: Libertad y Orden (English: Liberty and Order)
Republic of New Granada
Capital	Santa Fé de Bogotá
Religion	Roman Catholicism
Demonym(s)	Granadine
Government	Presidential republic
History
• Established	20 October 1831
• Bill of rights1	1853
• Constitutional Change	11 April 1858
Population
• 1851	2,240,054
Currency	Peso
Preceded by Succeeded by Gran Colombia Granadine Confederation
1 Abolition of slavery, and suffrage to all males over 21.

Part of a series on the
History of Colombia
Timeline
Pre-Columbian period  pre-1499 Spanish colonization 1499–1550 New Kingdom of Granada 1550–1717 Viceroyalty of New Granada 1717–1819 United Provinces of New Granada 1810–1816 Gran Colombia 1819–1831 Republic of New Granada 1831–1858 Granadine Confederation 1858–1863 United States of Colombia 1863–1886 Republic of Colombia 1886–present
Colombia portal Economic Constitutional Military
v t e

The Republic of New Granada was a centralist unitary republic consisting primarily of present-day Colombia and Panama with smaller portions of today's Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil that existed from 1831 to 1858. The state was created after the dissolution of Great Colombia in 1830 through the secession of Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1858 the state was renamed into the Granadine Confederation. On 9 May 1834, the national flag was adopted and was used until 26 November 1861, with the Gran Colombian colours in Veles' arrangement. The merchant ensign had the eight-pointed star in white.

History

The history of the Republic of New Granada was marked by competing economic and political interests and rocked by violent conflicts and civil wars. One of the prime features of the political climate of the Republic was the position of the Roman Catholic Church and the level of autonomy for the federal states.

In 1839, a dispute arose over the dissolution of monasteries by the Congress of New Granada. This soon escalated into the War of the Supremes, which raged for the next two years and transformed into a conflict about regional autonomy and a border conflict with Ecuador. Panama tried unsuccessfully to break away from New Granada in 1840 and 1850.

In 1851 a Civil war took place, which was triggered by the Liberal reforms of President José Hilario López, which provided for the emancipation of slaves, the expulsion of the Jesuits, the granting of freedom of the press and the abolition of the death penalty. As a reaction, Conservative and pro-slavery groups from Cauca and Antioquia departments, led by Julio Arboleda, Manuel Ibánez and Eusebio Borrero, revolted against liberal president José Hilario López, in an attempt to prevent emancipation of disenfranchised groups and abolition of slavery, in addition to a number of religious issues.

In 1853 there was a Liberal constitutional reform, and in 1854 there was another civil war under the dictatorship of General José María Melo. In 1858 a federal constitution was introduced. An uprising by General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera sparked a new three-year civil war in 1860. After the capture of Bogotá in 1861 by Mosquera, who proclaimed himself president, the country was renamed and given a new constitution to form the Granadine Confederation in response to demands for a decentralized administration for the country.

Provinces

The territory of the republic was divided into provinces. Each province was composed of one or more cantons, each canton was divided into several districts.

The Republic also included some territories in the peripheral regions of the country.

See also

• Gran Colombia

Sources

• INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA MUNICIPAL MARCO FIDEL SUAREZ
• UNAM
• Histoire de la Colombie de 1831 à 1861
• Ecured

4°39′N 74°3′W / 4.650°N 74.050°W / 4.650; -74.050

This page was last edited on 26 May 2024, at 02:26