Nanaerobe

Nanaerobes are organisms that cannot grow in the presence of micromolar concentrations of oxygen, but can grow with and benefit from the presence of nanomolar concentrations of oxygen (e.g. Bacteroides fragilis).^[1] Like other anaerobes, these organisms do not require oxygen for growth. This growth benefit requires the expression of an oxygen respiratory chain that is typically associated with microaerophilic respiration. Recent studies suggest that respiration in low concentrations of oxygen is an ancient process which predates the emergence of oxygenic photosynthesis.

References

^ Morris, Rachel L.; Schmidt, Thomas M. (2013). "Shallow breathing: Bacterial life at low O2". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 11 (3): 205–212. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2970. PMC 3969821. PMID 23411864.

Microbiology: Bacteria

Medical
microbiology

Biochemistry
and ecology

Oxygen preference	Aerobic Obligate Facultative Anaerobic Facultative Obligate Microaerophile Nanaerobe Aerotolerant
Other	Extremophile Human microbiome Gut Lung Mouth Skin Vaginal (in pregnancy) Placental Uterine Salivary Microbial metabolism Nitrogen fixation Microbial ecology Primary nutritional groups Substrate preference Lipophilic Saccharophilic

Shape

Structure

Cell envelope	Cell membrane Cell wall: Peptidoglycan NAM NAG DAP Gram-positive bacteria only: Teichoic acid Lipoteichoic acid Endospore Gram-negative bacteria only: Bacterial outer membrane Porin Lipopolysaccharide Periplasmic space Mycobacteria only: Arabinogalactan Mycolic acid
Outside envelope	Bacterial capsule Slime layer S-layer Glycocalyx Pilus Fimbria Non-motile bacteria
Composite	Biofilm

Taxonomy
and evolution

This page was last edited on 5 September 2023, at 15:17

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References