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Monastir Synagogue (Thessaloniki)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Monastir Synagogue
קהל קדוש מונאסטירליס
Exterior of synagogue from street
Religion
AffiliationOrthodox Judaism
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusActive
Year consecrated1927
Location
Location35, Sygrou Street
Greece Thessaloniki, Greece
Architecture
Architect(s)(Eli) Ernst Loewy (1878-1943)
Completed1927

The Monastir Synagogue (Hebrew: קהל קדוש מונאסטירליס, Judaeo-Spanish "Kal de los Monastirlis") is a historic synagogue of the once vibrant Jewish community in Thessaloniki.

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Transcription

As a young child, I heard my parents talking. My mother told my father to go the synagogue. She was religious. He said, "Look, I want to go. "Why should I take this old man’s seat who is keeping the synagogue running on a daily basis. "At four in the morning, it’s freezing cold outside, "he’s already up and walking to the synagogue. "If I go, because I’ll give a donation, they’ll give me his seat. "So I don’t want to go." That was his excuse. But nevertheless, he would go. Religion was very important and powerful. Even here in Israel I don’t see people as committed and connected as they were there. They were very connected. I heard that they were wearing their prayer shawls when they were taken to their deaths. Do you know what happened on Passover? How much we cleaned? We started very early. We did it in order to clean. But the stones at the entrance to the house, between which plants grow, we would sweep so that there wouldn’t be a piece of bread, God forbid. That’s how serious we were. I remember, it was very impressive. Albocher, who I believe appears in the picture, had a beard up to here. He would lead the seder on Passover and we would all sit together. We were like one family. His wife really liked my mother. We would sit together on Passover and say all the blessings and tell all the Biblical stories and explanations until the morning. It was like an art. It was a very holy event. The Sabbath was the same thing. We would have a gypsy woman in Monastir who would come to light the fireplace, otherwise there would be no heat and you could freeze. If it wasn’t lit that was it. I remember my mother at five in the morning on Friday would already be baking in order to finish everything in time. To get everything in the outdoor stove for the Sabbath. So that everything would be ready. To get five children bathed wasn’t easy. That everything would be ready by the time father came. They loved each other very much. They had met in the army during the First World War. My mother had been a nurse and he was a soldier. Ah, the holidays, it has remained with us until today. I remember my mother would do this and that, she did everything, there wasn’t anything she didn’t do. And she did it all by herself. From the least to the most important holidays, by her, nothing was more important, everything was an important holiday. How did we sense the holidays? Firstly, we changed the curtains, the rugs. Passover had its own utensils and a completely separate kitchen. For regular holidays, she would prepare all different kinds of foods that we still remember today. The holidays were very festive, warm, and tranquil. We wouldn’t celebrate them by ourselves. Our neighbors were like our family. It was a two story home. We owned it. The people who lived below us were like part of our family. There were no arguments. I never once heard that the house was ours and not theirs. All of the holidays, Passover, Rosh Hashana, they would come up to us, and we would set up a long and wide table. There was a long corridor in our house, about 20 meters long and 5 to 6 meters wide, and it was a beautifully set table. They would all come up. And it was clear that we would eat with the neighbors. My neighbor, my best friend, who didn’t live so far away, they would also join us. All of these friendships and relationships were strengthened by the fact that we celebrated the holidays and the Sabbaths together. In the summer, we would sit together for nights on end. The parents would have their own table with all different delicacies, and the children would be in the next room playing, reading, and singing. It was a life that was indescribable, an incredible life. All of this was…

History

The construction of the synagogue lasted from 1925 till 1927. The funding was due to Jews from Monastir in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, chiefly by Ida Aroesti, in the memory of her late husband Isaac, and the families Camhi, Joseph Nahmias, Massot, Barouch, Halevi, Israel, Calderon, Faradji, and Meir. The synagogue was designed by architect Ernst Loewy (1878-1943)[1] from the city Buchau of Austria-Hungary. He was based in Karlsbad of Czechoslovakia, visiting Thessaloniki often as the engineer for the Austrian Company that built that railway line between Thessaloniki and Vienna. Loewy moved to Thessaloniki in 1938. The consecration by the locum tenens Chief Rabbi of Thessaloniki, Haim Raphael Habib, took place on the 27th Eloul, 5687 (September, 24th, 1927).

These families have fled Monastir during the Balkan Wars (1912-1913) and World War I (1914-1918) and established themselves in Thessaloniki creating their own kehila (community) within the greater Jewish Community.

The Monastir synagogue is the last traditional synagogue of Thessaloniki in the great tradition of Salonican synagogues bearing in their name the place of origin of the congregation members (Ashkenaz 1376, Majorka 1391, Provincia 1394, Italia Yashan 1423, Guerush Sefarad 1492, Kastilia 1492–3, Aragon 1492–3, Katalan Yashan 1492, Kalabria Yashan 1497, Sicilia Yashan 1497, Apulia 1502, Lisbon Yashan 1510. Portugal 1525, Evora 1535, Lisbon Hadash 1536, Otranto 1537, Ishmael 1537, Sicilia Hadash 1562, Italia Hadash 1582, Majorka Sheni 16th cent., Katalan Hadash 16th cent., Italia Sheni, 1606, Mograbis 17th cent.)

During World War II, the synagogue was saved by being requisitioned by the Red Cross. In June 1978, the structure of the building was severely damaged by an earthquake. It was restored by the Greek government and today is used primarily during the high holidays. In 2016 the historic restoration[2] of the synagogue was completed by architect Elias Messinas and KARD Architects - Dimitris Raidis and Alexandros Kouloukouris.[3] The restoration project was supported by the Federal Republic of Germany.

The synagogue is no longer in regular function. There is a new one shared with the Rabbinate and the offices of the Jewish Community of Thessaloniki at Tsimiski Street downtown. The Jewish museum is also near this new location.

See also

Bibliography

  • Μεσσίνας, Ηλίας. Οι Συναγωγές της Θεσσαλονίκης και της Βέροιας. Εκδόσεις Γαβριηλίδης, 1997. ISBN 960-336-010-4.
  • Messinas, Elias. The Synagogues of Greece: A Study of Synagogues in Macedonia and Thrace: With Architectural Drawings of all Synagogues of Greece. Seattle: KDP, 2022. ISBN 979-8-8069-0288-8

References

  1. ^ Messinas, Elias. (2022).The Synagogues of Greece: A Study of Synagogues in Macedonia and Thrace: With Architectural Drawings of all Synagogues of Greece. Seattle: KDP ISBN 979-8-8069-0288-8, 72-73.
  2. ^ "Restoration of the Central Synagogue Monastiriotes Thessaloniki, Greece" Restoration Report Based on the Nomination to the European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage /Europa Nostra Awards (2018)
  3. ^ Messinas, Elias. (2022).The Synagogues of Greece: A Study of Synagogues in Macedonia and Thrace: With Architectural Drawings of all Synagogues of Greece. Seattle: KDP ISBN 979-8-8069-0288-8, 73.

40°38′23″N 22°56′31″E / 40.6397°N 22.9419°E / 40.6397; 22.9419


This page was last edited on 23 May 2023, at 14:58
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