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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Linum
Linum pubescens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Linaceae
Subfamily: Linoideae
Genus: Linum
L.
Species

about 200, see text

Linum (flax) is a genus of approximately 200 species[1][2] in the flowering plant family Linaceae. They are native to temperate and subtropical regions of the world. The genus includes the common flax (L. usitatissimum), the bast fibre of which is used to produce linen and the seeds to produce linseed oil.

Linum narbonense

The flowers of most species are blue or yellow, rarely red, white, or pink, and some are heterostylous. There is an average of 6 to 10 seeds per boll.

Linum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the cabbage moth, the nutmeg, the setaceous Hebrew character and Coleophora striolatella, which feeds exclusively on Linum narbonense.

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Linum usitatissimum is a plant that belongs to the linacea's family. It is commonly named flax. The flax is found in temperate climates. It is native from the Near East, but it has expanded and nowadays it is cultivated throughout the northern hemisphere. The flax has an annual cycle and it flourishes and fructifies almost the whole year. It's a plant with an herbaceous, glabrous and blanched stem, and with lanceolated, undivided and sessile leaves, distributed alternately. The flower is hermaphrodite and it is situated in the end of the stem forming racemose inflorescences. It is pentamera; it has 5 blue-lilac petals, 5 sepals and 5 stamens. The fruit is a globose capsule. Inside the fruit there are the seeds, that have medicinal interest. From their stems are extracted fibers, which are soft, flexible and shiny. The best quality fibers are used to make clothing, while lower quality fibers are used to make tarpaulins, mats, carpets and paper. Linen fabrics were used in antiquity. The Egyptians used them to mummify their deceased. In the Middle Ages and later it was one of the more used fabrics to make clothing, and it also was used to make canvases for painting. From its seeds are extracted linseed oil (usually for industrial uses), flour linseed and medicinal substances. The more important medicinal properties are: It is an anti-inflammatory due to the inhibition of prostaglandins produced by the Omega-3. It neutralizes the excess of estrogen because of the lignans. It contains mucilages that help to expel toxins. It repairs, protects and cares for the skin and hair. It is an anti-cholesterolemic, vasodilator, antibacterial and laxative.

Cultivation

Several flaxes are cultivated as garden ornamentals, including the blue-flowered species blue flax (L. narbonense), Lewis' blue flax (L. lewisii), and perennial blue flax (L. perenne), the red-flowered scarlet flax (L. grandiflorum), and the yellow-flowered golden flax (L. flavum). In Eurasia, since Roman times, the genus Linum has been cultivated not only for its plant fiber, but also its seeds and tender leaves for culinary usage.[3]

Selected species

References

  1. ^ Linum. The Jepson Manual.
  2. ^ Muravenko, O. V., et al. (2010). Karyogenomics of species of the genus Linum L. Russian Journal of Genetics 46(10), 1182-85.
  3. ^ Babylonian Talmud (Baba Bathra 92a, Rashi, s.v. ולא צמחו; Nedarim 49a), Mishnah (Peah 6:4), Tosefta (Ma'aser Rishon 3:8)

External links

This page was last edited on 12 March 2024, at 08:37
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