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Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Consulate General of the United States,
Hong Kong and Macau
美國駐香港及澳門總領事館
Map
AddressNo. 26, Garden Road,
Central,
Hong Kong Island,
Hong Kong
Consul GeneralGregory May
Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese美國駐香港及澳門總領事館
Simplified Chinese美国驻香港及澳门总领事馆
Portuguese name
PortugueseConsulado Geral dos Estados Unidos da América, Hong Kong e Macau
On May 12, 1999, the flag at the Consulate-General of the United States in Hong Kong was lowered in respect and sorrow for the people of China for a day as the aircraft carrying the bodies of victims of the NATO bombing of the People's Republic of China embassy in Belgrade came home to Beijing. Similar gestures were done in China in Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Shenyang, along with the U.S. embassy in Beijing.[1]

The Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau, represents the United States in Hong Kong and Macau.[2]

It has been located at 26 Garden Road, Central, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, since the late 1950s.[3] The consul general is Gregory May, who has served since September 2022.

Due to Hong Kong and Macau's special status, and in accordance with the United States–Hong Kong Policy Act, the U.S. consulate general to Hong Kong operates as an independent mission, with the consul general as the "chief of mission" (with title of "ambassador)".[4] The consul general to Hong Kong and Macau is not under the jurisdiction of the United States ambassador to China, and reports directly to the U.S. Department of State as do other chiefs of mission, who are ambassadors in charge of embassies.[5][6][7]

All recent consuls-general are at the career minister rank in the U.S. Senior Foreign Service, whereas many other ambassadors are only minister counsellor.

YouTube Encyclopedic

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  • Are Hong Kong & Macau Countries?
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  • The Animated History of Hong Kong
  • Distinguished Lecture on “Rising Inequality and Globalisation” by Professor Thomas Piketty
  • China's Failed Charm Offensive to Reunify Taiwan with the Mainland

Transcription

# China, Hong Kong & Macau, Oh My! Welcome to Hong Kong: the island city of China packed with seven million people at unbelievable density. But if you, dear tourist, start from Victoria Harbor and head toward the mainland you'll find that while Hong Kong is China she doesn't act like it. To cross the bridge your passport must be checked and stamped and checked and stamped. Not because you're a suspicious foreigner: Mainland Chinese can't just stroll across either, but rather because Hong Kong has her own immigration policy. And Hong Kong isn't the only isolated island, there's nearby Macau with her own passport-checking bridge and a ferry between them -- which also checks passports. Travel from Hong Kong to Macau to the mainland and back and you'll end up with three stamps, and that goes for everyone: Hong Kongese can't just live in Macau and Macanese can't just live in Hong Kong and they both can just live on the mainland. Yet it's all China. And inconvenient travel isn't the only speciality of these sister islands. They also have: * Separate governments and political parties. * Separate police. * Separate money. * Postal systems. * Schools. * and languages. Hong Kong even has her own Olympic team which competed in the 2008 *Beijing* olympics which doesn't make any kind of sense. The only things these sister islands don't have that other countries do: 1) Their own armies. Though that isn't unique with modern countries, and… 2) Formal diplomatic relations. Though even this unclear as both are members of international trade organizations. And other countries have 'embassies' in Hong Kong and Macau, sure China won't let them be called embassies, those are only for **mighty Beijing** -- they're called *consulates* even if they're bigger than Beijing's embassy. All this makes Hong Kong and Macau, as mentioned in a previous video, the most country-like countries that aren't countries. So why are they China? China says so. It's called 'One China, Two Systems' -- though fast-counters in the audience will see it should be called 'One China, *Three* Systems. Also there's China's special economic zones (where capitalism runs free) making it more like 'One China *Four* Systems' -- and if China got her way it might be 'One China, *Five* Systems'. But we can't talk about everything so back to China, Hong Kong, and Macau (oh my!) China ended up having these two essentialy city-states, as always, because Empire. Portugal showed up in Asia in the 1500s and didn't exactly make friends. China and Portugal skirmished until Portugal used Bigger-pile-of-money diplomacy to bribe a local Chinese official into turning over the islands of Macau as a trading port. Later, Britannia found China and discovered she had many of lovely things like silks and porcelain and precious, precious tea that Britannia craved. In return China wanted from Britannia… to be left alone and Britannia nobly agreed to respect China's independence and soverenty. OOPS! OPIUM WARS! Nothing generates demand like addiction -- which Britannia was happy to supply. And, her bigger-gun diplomacy secured Hong Kong as a base through which the drugs must flow. Later in a world where telegraphs and lightbulbs were newfangled a lease gave control of Hong Kong to Britannia for 99 years or quote "as good as forever", kicking the transfer problem down the generations to be delt with by the unimaginably futuristic society of the 1990s. Thus these sister cities grow up under the influence of their Emperiffic parents. Hong Kong had English common law and lived in Britannia's org chart as one of her many crown colonies and Macau had Portuguese civil law. And the parental effect is still seen today: visit Hong Kong and she is clearly Britannia's daughter what with her love of business and international finance (and lasers!) and english-accented language and near-identical transport system. Macau had a more troubled adolescence, as her bigger sister stole the spotlight with her trading skills. But Macau eventually grew up to be the gambling capital of the world. She's Las Vegas x10 with a mixture of Portugal and China. But Empires come and empires go, and the 90s eventually arrived, meaning Britannia's lease expired. Portugal claimed the treaty gave her control of Macau *forever* but China disagreed and the UN was in a no-empires-no-longer mood, and frankly had Portugal complained too much, China could have used her own bigger-army diplomacy at this point to resolve the situation. So the transfer was going to happen: but the world was nervous about China, what with the *lingering communism* and all, so the deal was the Empire's daughters would go *but* they had to remain basically independent, to which China agreed as long as everyone else agreed to call them China. The situation was a bit like if the US had to give Alaska back to Russia and Russia *super* promised to leave Alaska self-governing. You couldn't blame the locals for being nervous. But, unlike what you'd expect in this case China has mostly left the little sister islands alone. So everything is dandy... *however*... The handover came with its own version of the as-good-as-forever clause. China didn't agree to leave Hong Kong and Macau alone *for all time*, only fifty years, again passing political problems to a future generation. (Hopefully one that's actually unimaginably futuristic this time). Anyway, assuming such provincial concerns as these are not rendered irrelevant by the singularity, what happens in the 2040s? Will Hong Kong and Macau remain tiny city-states or will they lose their independence and be absorbed? Only China knows, and China does not say.

History

Diplomatic relations started in 1843,[8] when the Americans established a consulate in Hong Kong with the consul working out of his residence. 9 Ice House Street (now The Galleria) began hosting the consulate in the early 1920s, and later the 1935 Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Building became the consulate's home on the second floor.[9][8] During World War II, the Americans gave the occupying Japanese army the key to the office, and after the war, the key was returned and nothing was damaged in the office.[8] However, the consul general's residence on The Peak was blown up during the war, and the Japanese used bricks from the building to create a memorial.[8]

In December 1945, the Americans and British signed the Lend-Lease Settlement Statement, an agreement designed to help the British cover post-war costs by allowing the U.S. to buy land on British colonies for government or education uses.[10] Land discussions between the U.S. consul general and Hong Kong governor began in 1946, when the Republic of China was in control of mainland China.[10] The Americans were offered the 26 Garden Road site, a plot of land measuring 47,000 square feet (4,400 m2), and in March 1947, the Americans let the Hong Kong government know that it would like to purchase the site under the Lend-Lease Settlement Statement.[10] The approval was granted three months later, and in 1954, construction plans were announced.[10] Construction was finished in June 1957, and the land lease was signed in 1960.[8][10]

In the lease, an option to purchase the land as a freehold was included. In January 1997, the U.S. wanted to exercise this option, but the proposal was rejected in favor of a 999-year lease, backdated to start on 9 April 1950.[10][11] The U.S. has the longest lease in all of the People's Republic of China, as the last 999-year lease granted before this was in 1903, meaning the consulate has 47 more years of length than the next newest 999-year lease.

In June 2013, NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden claims that there is a CIA station inside the U.S. consulate general in Hong Kong, and later both the U.S. consulate and Hong Kong officials declined to comment.[12]

In March 2021, two employees from the consulate, a married couple living in Dynasty Court Tower 3, were discovered to have COVID-19 (cases 11319 and 11320).[13] Their three-year-old daughter was also found to be infected, closing her preschool, Woodland Montessori Academy.[14] Some mainland Chinese and pro-Beijing news reports, including from Dot Dot News, Global Times, and others, claimed that the family used diplomatic immunity to avoid quarantine, which both the United States and Carrie Lam denied; Lam stated that the children were sent to the hospital to join their parents.[15] The pro-Beijing Federation of Trade Unions and Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress staged protests at the consulate, believing that the family had invoked diplomatic immunity.[15]

In 2020, the mainland Chinese government required the U.S. consul general to obtain permission from China's Foreign Ministry in Hong Kong before meeting with local government officials or local government educational institutions; in 2023, the rule was changed so that the U.S. consul general now had to provide 5 days of advanced notice.[16]

Information

In the May 2012 Office of Inspector General's report on the consulate,[17] the following statistics were provided on its operations:

  • 60,000 U.S. citizens live in Hong Kong and Macau
  • For FY 2011, the workload included approximately 8,000 passport adjudications, 3,600 immigrant visas, 65,000 nonimmigrant visa applications, 900 consular reports of birth abroad, and 170 renunciations.

In the newer November 2017 Office of Inspector General's report on the consulate,[18] the following statistics were provided on its operations for Financial Year 2016:

  • 125 U.S. direct-hire employees
  • 25 Locally Employed Americans (including eligible family members)
  • 188 Locally Employed foreign national staff
  • FY 2016 operating budget of $40.6M USD
FY 2016 staffing and funding
Agency U.S. direct hire staff U.S. locally employed staff Foreign national staff TOTAL Funding ($ USD)
Department of State 85 23 155 263 29,491,535
Department of Agriculture 1 0 6 7 1,047,077
Department of Commerce 3 0 13 16 2,522,799
Department of Defense 12 0 3 15 2,096,511
Department of Justice 11 0 1 12 2,024,010
Department of Homeland Security 11 1 10 22 3,101,604
Department of the Treasury 2 0 1 3 290,456
TOTAL 125 25 188 338 40,573,992

Within the consulate, several U.S. agencies operate, including the Department of Homeland Security (Secret Service, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Customs and Border Protection), the Department of Defense, and Department of Justice (Drug Enforcement Agency, Federal Bureau of Investigation), and the Department of the Treasury (Internal Revenue Service).

Physical locations

The consulate building is located at 26 Garden Road. There is an on-site gymnasium in the building.

The consulate's warehouse is located at 11/F, 14/F, and 15/F at Leader Centre, 37 Wong Chuk Hang Rd.

The consul-general lives on The Peak at 3 Barker Road,[19] paid for by American taxpayers.[20] The site includes a garage and tennis court.

In addition, the consulate owns employee residences on 37 Shouson Hill Road, where a private shuttle takes employees to the consulate building.[17] In May 2020, the consulate announced it would accept bids in an attempt to sell the six mansions, and with an agreement to re-lease them.[21] The mansions contain up to 10 bedrooms each, and measure 47,382 sq ft (4,401.9 m2) in total.[21] Bids are estimated to value the property between HKD $3.1 billion – $5 billion.[21] In February 2021, the property was given approval from Beijing for a sale at HKD $2.6 billion to Hang Lung Properties.[22] The property was bought in June 1948 for an unknown price, and construction of the buildings was completed in 1983.[21]

There are also 13 employee residences and 14 parking lots at Wilshire Park, 12–14 Macdonnell Road.[23] In addition, the United States also owns one unit at Grenville House, and one unit at Hangking Court, 43 Cloud View Road.[23]

List of U.S. consuls-general for Hong Kong and Macau

  • Thomas W. Waldron (consul, 1843–1844) [24]
  • Frederick Busch (consul 1845–1853) [25]
  • Henry Anthon (vice consul and occasionally acting consul, 1850–1854)
  • James Keenan (consul 1854–61)
  • Horace N. Congar (consul 1862–1865)
  • Isaac Jackson Allen (consul 1865–1869)
  • Colonel C.N. Golding (consul 1869–1870)
  • David H. Bailey (consul 1870–1877)
  • Dr. Robert Morris Tindall (consul 1874)[26]
  • H. Selden Loring (vice consul 1874)
  • John S. Mosby (1878–1885)
    • Beverly Clarke Mosby (vice & deputy consul 1884)
  • Robert E. Withers (1885–1889)
  • Oliver H. Simons (consul 1889–1893)
  • William E. Hunt (consul 1893–1897)
  • Rounsevelle Wildman (consul general 1897–1901)
    • John A. Hunt (vice & deputy consul 1897)
    • Edwin Wildman (vice & deputy consul general 1898) [25]
  • William Alvah Rublee (1901–1902)[27]
  • Edward S. Bragg (1903–1906)[28]
    • Harry M. Hobbins (vice & deputy consul general 1904–05)
  • Wilbur T. Gracey (vice & deputy consul general 1905–06)
    • Stuart J. Fuller (vice consul 1906–10)
  • Amos Parker Wilder (consul general 1906–09)
  • George E. Anderson (consul general 1910–20)
    • Algar E. Carleton (vice & deputy consul general 1910–11)
    • John B. Sawyer (vice consul 1911–14)
  • John B. Sawyer (vice consul 1915–17)
    • Leighton Hope (vice consul 1917)
    • Algar E. Carleton (vice consul 1917)
    • Hugh S. Miller (vice consul 1921–22)
    • Verne S. Staten (vice consul 1921)
  • Leighton Hope (consul 1921)
  • William H. Gale (consul general 1921–24)
    • William J. McCafferty (vice consul 1921–23)
    • John B. Sawyer (vice consul 1921)
    • Francis O. Seidle (vice consul 1922)
  • William J. McCafferty (consul 1923)
    • Leroy Webber (vice consul 1924)
  • William J. McCafferty (consul 1924)
    • Maurice Walk (vice consul 1924)
    • Jake R. Summers (vice consul 1924)
  • Roger C. Tredwell (consul general 1925–29)
  • Lynn W. Franklin (consul 1925)
  • Harold Shantz (consul 1926–29)
    • Kenneth C. Krentz (vice consul 1926–32)
  • Lynn W. Franklin (consul 1926–27)
  • John J. Muccio (consul 1927–29)
    • Perry N. Jester (vice consul 1928–31)
    • Cecil B. Lyon (vice consul 1932)
    • Donald D. Edgar (vice consul 1932)
  • John R. Putnam (consul 1932)
    • George Bliss Lane (vice consul 1932)
  • Douglas Jenkins (consul general 1932)
  • Addison E. Southard (consul general November 5, 1937 – June 30, 1942)
  • Karl L. Rankin (October 1949 – August 1950) [29]
  • Walter P. McConaughy (August 1950 – June 1952)[30]
  • Julian F. Harrington (July 1952 – December 1954)[31]
  • Everett F. Drumright (December 1954 – March 1958)
  • James Pilcher (March 1958 – March 1959)
  • John M. Steeves (March 1959 – August 1959)
  • Ambassador Julius C. Holmes (September 1959 – March 1961)[32]
  • Sam P. Gilstrap (April 1961 – October 1961)
  • Marshall Green (November 1961 – August 1963)
  • Edward E. Rice (February 1964 – September 1967)
  • Edwin W. Martin (October 1967 – July 1970)
  • David L. Osborn (August 1970 – March 1974)
  • Ambassador Charles T. Cross (March 1974 – September 1977)
  • Thomas P. Shoesmith (October 1977 – October 1981)
  • Burton Levin (February 1982 – July 1986)
  • Donald M. Anderson (July 1986 – June 1990)
  • Ambassador Richard L. Williams (June 1990 – June 1993)[33]
  • Richard W. Mueller (June 1993 – July 1996)[34]
  • Ambassador Richard A. Boucher (August 1996 – July 1999)
  • Ambassador Michael Klosson (August 1999 – July 2002)
  • James R. Keith (August 2002 – April 2005)
  • Ambassador James B. Cunningham (4 August 2005 – July 2008)
  • Ambassador Joseph R. Donovan Jr. (August 2008 – July 2009)
  • Christopher J. Marut (acting consul general) (July 2009 – February 2010)
  • Ambassador Stephen M. Young (March 2010 – July 2013)[35]
  • Ambassador Clifford A. Hart (July 2013 – July 2016)
  • Ambassador Kurt W. Tong (August 2016 – July 2019)
  • Ambassador Hanscom Smith (July 2019 – July 2022)[36]
  • Ambassador Gregory May (September 2022 – present)[37]

List of U.S. deputy consuls general (deputy principal officers) of the consulate general in Hong Kong and Macau

See also

References

  1. ^ Consulate General of the United States Hong Kong & Macau (August 2, 1999). "Statements on NATO Bombing of China's Embassy in Belgrade". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on October 13, 1999. Retrieved October 4, 2006.
  2. ^ The Consulate-General's official name is shown as 'Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau' on its web-site (http://hongkong.usconsulate.gov Archived April 18, 2006, at the Wayback Machine)
  3. ^ Consulate General of the United States Hong Kong & Macau. "About us". Archived from the original on September 22, 2006.
  4. ^ "Consul General | Hong Kong & Macau – Consulate General of the United States". hongkong.usconsulate.gov. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved September 14, 2016.
  5. ^ Inspection of Consulate General Hong Kong, China
  6. ^ "Christopher J. Marut Appointed as Director of the Taipei Office of the American Institute in Taiwan" (Press release). American Institute in Taiwan. May 8, 2012. Archived from the original on May 19, 2012.
  7. ^ "Chiefs of Mission". U.S. Department of State.
  8. ^ a b c d e "'Bad' US consulate to get facelift, says envoy Kurt Tong". South China Morning Post. February 15, 2019. Retrieved July 28, 2020.
  9. ^ "Mission Overview." Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau. April 29, 1997. Retrieved on November 15, 2018.
  10. ^ a b c d e f "The story of how US consulate got a 999-year lease in central Hong Kong". South China Morning Post. August 18, 2018. Retrieved July 28, 2020.
  11. ^ "Webb-site Reports". webb-site.com. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  12. ^ "US consulate, Hong Kong no comment on Snowden". June 10, 2013.
  13. ^ "Hong Kong Covid-19 cluster forces US consulate to close; new lockdown in force". South China Morning Post. March 15, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  14. ^ "Hong Kong preschool shuts as toddler among 11 new cases of Covid-19". South China Morning Post. March 17, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  15. ^ a b "US slams Chinese media for saying consulate staff in Hong Kong skipped quarantine". South China Morning Post. March 16, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  16. ^ "Beijing restriction on US diplomatic talks with Hong Kong politicians eased". South China Morning Post. February 14, 2023. Retrieved February 14, 2023.
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  20. ^ "Inside the US Consul to Hong Kong's residence on The Peak". South China Morning Post. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  21. ^ a b c d "US government offers to sell six Hong Kong mansions valued at US$645 million". South China Morning Post. May 30, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  22. ^ "'Beijing okays sale of US consulate-owned property' – RTHK". news.rthk.hk. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  23. ^ a b "A rare 999-year lease tops America's property portfolio in Hong Kong". South China Morning Post. June 26, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
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  25. ^ a b "U.S. consular officials in Hong Kong". The Political Graveyard.
  26. ^ Grant, Ulysses Simpson (2008). The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant: October 1, 1880 – December 31, 1882. SIU Press. ISBN 9780809327768.
  27. ^ "No. 2731". The London Gazette. May 7, 1901. p. 3123.
  28. ^ "Bragg, Edward Stuyvesant." Historical Dictionary of the Gilded Age. Leonard Schlup. Editor James Gilbert Ryan. Armonk, NY: ME Sharpe. 2003. Google Books. Retrieved 2017-06-15.
  29. ^ "About Us: History". Consulate General of the United States Hong Kong & Macau. Archived from the original on January 11, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2012.
  30. ^ "List of former Consuls-General". Archived from the original on May 13, 2007.
  31. ^ "US Consul General in Hong Kong". NNDB.
  32. ^ "Julius Cecil Holmes – Brigadier General, United States Army – American Diplomat". July 12, 2023.
  33. ^ "Index to Politicians: Williams, O to R". The Political Graveyard.
  34. ^ "Richard Mueller". Hong Kong International School new Head of School. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011.
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  36. ^ "US consul general in Hong Kong named as Hanscom Smith, replacing Kurt Tong as Washington's top diplomat in city and Macau". South China Morning Post. June 14, 2019.
  37. ^ "New US consul general for Hong Kong Gregory May arrives in city". South China Morning Post. September 17, 2022. Retrieved September 18, 2022.
  38. ^ Who's who in California. Vol. 27. Who's Who Historical Society. 1998. p. 338. ISBN 1880142066.
  39. ^ "Korea: Country Reader" (PDF). The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). 2018. p. 181. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 18, 2021. Retrieved October 18, 2021.
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  42. ^ Charles Stuart Kennedy (January 19, 2000). "Foreign Affairs Oral History Project: NORMAN W. GETSINGER". The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 1, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  43. ^ "新任美駐港副總領事 蘇禮文已抵港就任" [Newly-appointed DCG Sullivan has arrived in HK]. The Kung Sheung Daily News. August 28, 1976. p. 8.
  44. ^ Former AIT Chairman – Natale H. Bellocchi (Tenure: 1990 – 1995), American Institute in Taiwan, July 6, 1990, archived from the original on December 19, 2021
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  46. ^ "Personnel: Foreign Service". State Magazine (283). United States Department of State: 45. 1985.
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