Carbonated milk or soda milk is a carbonated soft drink. It can be made from powdered milk or fresh milk, and often has added flavor. In addition to modified mouth feel, carbonated milk also has a longer shelf-life than similarly processed flat milk and a different flavor. It is sold by several companies and is most popular in Asia.
Manufacture
Carbonated milk can be produced by fermentation and other methods.[1]
With fermentation, yeast is added to the milk, producing a yogurt-like effervescent beverage. Along with carbon dioxide, the yeast also produces lactic acid, aromatic compounds and a small amount of ethanol. Examples of carbonated milk beverages produced using fermentation include kefir and kumis.[1]
Aside from fermentation, carbonation can be produced by physical or chemical means. The "dry" method involves adding powdered milk to a liquid, which then produces carbon dioxide when the two are mixed. Another method involves physically mixing or injecting the milk with carbon dioxide to produce the carbonated beverage.[1][2]
Characteristics
Flavor
Carbonated milk can have flavor added to it, such as strawberry, peach or root beer.[1] It can also be sweetened, using a sweetener such as sucrose, aspartame or high-fructose corn syrup.[3]
Carbonation has been shown to increase the perceived intensity of flavorings and sweetness, as well as bitterness and chalkiness at higher levels.[3][4]
Shelf life
Carbonation increases the shelf life of both raw and pasteurized milk. A similar effect has also been demonstrated with UHT milk.[5] The means by which carbon dioxide reduces spoilage is unknown, but suggested mechanisms include displacement of oxygen, acidification and direct effects on microbial metabolism due to cellular penetration. Carbonation has a similar preserving effect on other dairy products, such as butter, yogurt and cheese. Because of dairy's high susceptibility to spoilage, carbonation has thus been suggested as a simple means of preservation. With liquids such as milk, this can be achieved using injection or by filling the container's headspace with carbon dioxide.[6][7]
Popularity and availability
Carbonated milk is most popular in Asia.[8]
Vio is a mix of flavored milk and carbonated water made by The Coca-Cola Company.[8] In India, it is sold primarily by large brands, including Nestle, Amul and Britannia.[2] Milkis is a Korean brand of carbonated milk, which is also sold in Taiwan and other nearby countries.[9]
See also
- Affogato
- Cream soda
- Dirty soda
- Doodh soda
- Egg cream
- Ice cream float
- Italian soda
- Milkis
- Pilk
- Seltzer
References
- ^ a b c d Newbold, Daniel; Koppel, Kadri (2018). "Carbonated Dairy Beverages: Challenges and Opportunities". Beverages. 4 (3): 66. doi:10.3390/beverages4030066. hdl:2097/39044.
- ^ a b Ravindra, Menon Rekha; Rao, K. Jayaraj; Nath, B. Surendra; Ram, Chand (2014). "Extended shelf life flavoured dairy drink using dissolved carbon dioxide". Journal of Food Science and Technology. 51 (1): 130–135. doi:10.1007/s13197-011-0473-2. PMC 3857396. PMID 24426058.
- ^ a b Yau, N.J.N.; McDaniel, M.R.; Bodyfelt, F.W. (1989). "Sensory Evaluation of Sweetened Flavored Carbonated Milk Beverages". Journal of Dairy Science. 72 (2): 367–377. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79118-9.
- ^ Lederer, C.L.; Bodyfelt, F.W.; McDaniel, M.R. (1991). "The Effect of Carbonation Level on the Sensory Properties of Flavored Milk Beverages". Journal of Dairy Science. 74 (7): 2100–2108. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78382-3.
- ^ Vianna, P.C.B.; Walter, E.H.M.; Dias, M.E.F.; Faria, J.A.F.; Netto, F.M.; Gigante, M.L. (2012). "Effect of addition of CO2 to raw milk on quality of UHT-treated milk". Journal of Dairy Science. 95 (8): 4256–4262. doi:10.3168/jds.2012-5387.
- ^ Hotchkiss, Joseph H.; Werner, Brenda G.; Lee, Edmund Y.C. (2006). "Addition of Carbon Dioxide to Dairy Products to Improve Quality: A Comprehensive Review". Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 5 (4): 158–168. doi:10.1111/j.1541-4337.2006.00008.x. ISSN 1541-4337.
- ^ Singh, Preeti; Wani, Ali Abas; Karim, A A; Langowski, Horst‐Christian (2012). "The use of carbon dioxide in the processing and packaging of milk and dairy products: A review". International Journal of Dairy Technology. 65 (2): 161–177. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00744.x. ISSN 1364-727X.
- ^ a b Meikle, James (2009-07-27). "Coca-Cola trials sweet, fizzy, milky 'vibrancy' drink in three US cities". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-09-16.
- ^ Han-na, Park (2022-09-20). "Milkis sales volume grows over 800 percent in Taiwan". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2024-01-21.
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This page was last edited on 20 May 2024, at 06:34