Ż, ż (Z with overdot) is a letter, consisting of the letter Z of the ISO basic Latin alphabet and an overdot.
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ż moqrija
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Lesson 12 – Polish alphabet: Z, Ż, Ź and ZI sounds in Polish language
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Польский язык от А ДО Ż - Польский алфавит (1 урок)
Transcription
Usage
Polish
In the Polish language, ż is the final, 32nd letter of the alphabet. It typically represents the voiced retroflex fricative ([ʐ]), somewhat similar to the pronunciation of ⟨g⟩ in "mirage"; however, in a word-final position or when followed by a voiceless obstruent, it is devoiced to the voiceless retroflex fricative ([ʂ]).
Its pronunciation is the same as that of the digraph ⟨rz⟩, except that ⟨rz⟩ (unlike ⟨ż⟩) also undergoes devoicing when preceded by a voiceless obstruent. The difference in spelling comes from their historical pronunciations: ż originates from a palatalized /ɡ/ or /z/, while ⟨rz⟩ evolved from a palatalized ⟨r⟩.[1]
The letter was originally introduced in 1513 by Stanisław Zaborowski in his book Ortographia.[2]
Occasionally, the letter Ƶ ƶ (Z with a horizontal stroke) is used instead of Ż ż for aesthetic purposes, especially in all-caps text and handwriting.
Kashubian
Kashubian ż is a voiced fricative like in Polish, but it is postalveolar ([ʒ]) rather than retroflex.
Maltese
In Maltese, ż represents the voiced alveolar sibilant [z], pronounced like "z" in English "maze". This contrasts with the letter ⟨z⟩, which represents the voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate [ts], like in the word "hats".
Computing codes
| Character | Ż | ż | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH DOT ABOVE |
LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH DOT ABOVE | ||
| character encoding | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 379 | 017B | 380 | 017C |
| UTF-8 | 197 187 | C5 BB | 197 188 | C5 BC |
| Numeric character reference | Ż | Ż | ż | ż |
| CP 852 | 189 | BD | 190 | BE |
| CP 775 | 163 | A3 | 164 | A4 |
| Mazovia | 161 | A1 | 167 | A7 |
| Windows-1250, ISO-8859-2 | 175 | AF | 191 | BF |
| Windows-1257, ISO-8859-13 | 221 | DD | 253 | FD |
| Mac Central European | 251 | FB | 253 | FD |
See also
References
- ^ Corbett, Greville; Comrie, Bernard (2003). The Slavonic Languages. Routledge. p. 690. ISBN 978-1-136-86137-6.
The spelling difference reflects the historical difference between a palatalization of /r/ (for rz) and of /g/ or /z/ (for ż).
- ^ Edward Polański. "Reformy ortografii polskiej – wczoraj, dziś, jutro". Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego, vol. 60, p. 31. 2004. Warsaw: Energeia. ISSN 0032-3802. (in Polish)
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This page was last edited on 19 May 2024, at 23:14