| Totoli | |
|---|---|
| Native to | parts of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia |
Native speakers | 25,000 (2001)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | txe |
| Glottolog | toto1304 |
| ELP | Totoli |
Totoli (also known as Tolitoli) is a Sulawesi language of the Austronesian language family spoken by 25,000 people of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Grammar
Voice
Totoli has a symmetrical voice system.[2] In the examples below, i Winarno mongusut kunji motorna is an actor voice construction, while kunji itu kusuti i Winarno is an undergoer voice construction.
I
HON
Winaro
PN
moN-kusut
AV-look.for
kunji
key
motor=na
scooter=3S.GEN
I Winaro moN-kusut kunji motor=na
HON PN AV-look.for key scooter=3S.GEN
'Winarno is looking for the keys of his scooter.'[2]: 1
kunji
key
itu
DIST
kusut-i
look.for-UV2
i
HON
Winaro
PN
kunji itu kusut-i i Winaro
key DIST look.for-UV2 HON PN
'The keys are being looked for by Winarno.'[2]: 1 Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (help);
The syntactic pivot can be placed before the predicate, as shown:
gaukan
king
no-gutu
AV.RLS-make
ponguman
story
itu
DIST
gaukan no-gutu ponguman itu
king AV.RLS-make story DIST
'The king made this announcement.'[3]: 142
kopi
coffee
ia
PRX
ni-pogutu
RLS(UG)-make
i
PN
Andris
Andrew
kopi ia ni-pogutu i Andris
coffee PRX RLS(UG)-make PN Andrew
'Andrew made this coffee.'[3]: 143
References
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This page was last edited on 25 December 2022, at 15:10