Talamone

Talamone
Frazione
View of Talamone
Talamone Location of Talamone in Italy
Coordinates: 42°33′18″N 11°07′58″E / 42.555056°N 11.132755°E / 42.555056; 11.132755
Country	Italy
Region	Tuscany
Province	Grosseto (GR)
Comune	Orbetello
Elevation	32 m (105 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	280
Demonym	Talamonesi
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	58010
Dialing code	(+39) 0564

Talamone (Latin: Telamon, Greek: Τελαμών) is a town in Tuscany, on the west coast of central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Orbetello, province of Grosseto, in the Tuscan Maremma.

Talamone is easily reached from Via Aurelia, and is about 25 kilometres (16 miles) from Grosseto and 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) from Orbetello.

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Geography

The village lies on a rocky promontory, which lies on the southern border of the Maremma nature reserve, in a dominant position along the whole stretch of coast arriving at Mount Argentario.

The surrounding area is characterized by the presence of vegetation typical of Mediterranean scrub and long sandy beaches, lined by pine trees.

History

According to Diodorus Siculus, the town was by the Argonauts named after the hero Telamon.^[1] However, this etymology is likely a mythological fabrication.^[2]

It was an ancient and flourishing city already during the Etruscan period. It was the site of the Battle of Telamon in 225 BC between Roman and the Celtic armies.^[2] After the Celts had overrun Etruria and killed 6000 Romans at Faesulae, they were advancing to Rome led by the Gaesatae kings Concolitanus and Aneroëstes. They were met by the Romans near Talamone and were defeated, 40000 celts being killed. The decisive victory removed the Celtic threat from Rome and allowed the Romans to extend their influence over northern Italy.

Talamone was razed to the ground by Sulla for the support that its citizens gave to Marius in his attempt to march against Rome after the return from his African exile.^[2]

Trajan (r. 98 to 117 AD) developed the port and had a villa connected to it here, as shown by several finds including a lead pipe stamp found here, now in the Florence archaeological museum.^[3]^[4]

Like Orbetello, the late Middle Ages left few marks on Talamone and control was transferred from (among the others) the Aldobrandeschi to the Republic of Siena, until in 1559 the territory was ceded to Spain and became part of the State of Presidi.^[5]

The port town was also a stage during Admiral Horatio Nelson’s expedition to Egypt in 1798, cited by Napoleon himself as "Tagliamon on the coast of Tuscany".^[6] The city's name is also linked to Giuseppe Garibaldi and his Expedition of the Thousand in 1860. In his route towards Sicily, he made a stop there to stock up on water and weapons.^{[citation needed]}

Main sights

Roman cistern
Roman villa "le Terme"
Church of Santa Maria Assunta
Church of Madonna delle Grazie
Vivarelli Mausoleum (Chapel of the cemetery)
Towns' Walls
Rocca Aldobrandesca
Torre di Capo d'Uomo
Torre delle Cannelle
Tower of Talamonaccio

Culture

On the outskirts of Talamone is the southern entrance to the Maremma Natural Park, from where are found some spectacular nature trails.

The local beach of Talamone has become a very popular area to practice the sport of kitesurfing.

In 2008, Talamone was one of the settings used for the James Bond film Quantum of Solace.

References

^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica 4.56
^ ^a ^b ^c Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Talamone". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
^ Anna Maria Reggiani, la Villa Pulcherimma, di Traiano a Centumcellae, doi: 10.1387/veleia.19438 p 138
^ Ciampoltrini, G., & P. Rendini, 1992, Ports and traffic in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC; Contributions from Telamon and the Island of Giglio, Annals of the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa, III, 22.4, 985-1004
^ Shaw, Christine (2018). The Italian Wars 1494-1559: War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe (2nd ed.). Abingdon, Oxon: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-429-42935-4. OCLC 1043050870.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
^ Montholon, Charles Tristan, Marquis De (1847). History of the Captivity of Napoleon at St. Helena. H. Colburn. p. 163.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Guerrini, Giuseppe (a cura di). Torri e castelli della provincia di Grosseto (Amministrazione Provinciale di Grosseto). Siena, Nuova Immagine Editrice, 1999.
Mazzolai, Aldo. Guida della Maremma. Percorsi tra arte e natura. Florence, Le Lettere, 1997.