To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

How to transfigure the Wikipedia

Would you like Wikipedia to always look as professional and up-to-date? We have created a browser extension. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology.

Try it — you can delete it anytime.

Install in 5 seconds
4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
Live Statistics
English Articles
Improved in 24 Hours
Added in 24 Hours
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
Great Wikipedia has got greater.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

Dan language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Yacouba" redirects here. For the ethnic group, see Dan people. For the name, see Yacouba (name).
Dan
Yacouba
Native toIvory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia
EthnicityDan people
Native speakers
1.6 million (2012)[1]
Niger–Congo?
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
dnj – Dan
lda – Kla
Glottologdann1241
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
A Dan speaker, recorded in Liberia.

Dan /ˈdæn/[2] is a Southern Mande language spoken primarily in Ivory Coast (~800,000 speakers) and Liberia (150,000–200,000 speakers). There is also a population of about 800 speakers in Guinea. Dan is a tonal language, with 9 to 11 contour and register tones, depending on the dialect.

Alternative names for the language include Yacouba or Yakubasa, Gio, Gyo, Gio-Dan, and Da. Dialects are Gio (Liberian Dan), Gweetaawu (Eastern Dan), Blowo (Western Dan), and Kla. Kla is evidently a distinct language.

YouTube Encyclopedic

  • 1/5
    Views:
    48 925
    4 141
    7 980
    2 300
    311
  • The one thing I struggle with: VERBAL FLUENCY
  • Language and Linguistics ||Mata Kuliah:General Linguistics || E-Lecture of Linguistics|| Meeting 1&2
  • Speech and Language Delay Pada Anak
  • #5 Bicara Typescript - Function
  • DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FOR 7th GRADE

Transcription

Phonology

Vowels

Front Central Back
Unrd. Rnd. Unrd. Rnd.
Close i ɯ u
Near-close ɪ² ɯ̽² ʊ²
Close-mid e ɵ¹ ɤ o
Mid ə¹
Open-mid ɛ ʌ ɔ
Open æ ɑ ɒ
Syllabic ŋ̍

¹Only in Liberian Dan.

²Only in Eastern Dan when in the position of extra-high tone.

Nasal sounds in Eastern Dan
Front Back
Unrd. Rnd.
Close ĩ ɯ̃ ũ
Open-mid ɛ̃ ʌ̃ ɔ̃
Open æ̃ ɑ̃ ɒ̃

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Labial-
velar 		Glottal
plain lab.
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ŋ͡m
Plosive voiceless p t k kʷ k͡p
voiced b d ɡ ɡʷ² ɡ͡b
Implosive ɓ ɗ
Fricative voiceless f s x¹ h³
voiced v z
Approximant j w
Lateral l
Trill (r)

¹Only in Liberian Dan.

²Not in Liberian Dan.

³Not in western Dan.

  • /l/ is heard as [r] when preceded by alveolar or palatal consonants.
  • Consonant combinations /sl, zl/ are heard as lateral fricative sounds [ɬ, ɮ].[3]

Writing system

The orthography of Liberia includes this alphabet:

Dan alphabet (Liberia)
A B Ɓ D Ɗ E Ɛ F G GB H I K KP KW L M N NW NY Ŋ O Ɔ Ə Ɵ P R S T U Ɥ V W X Y Z
a b ɓ d ɗ e ɛ f g gb h i k kp kw l m n nw ny ŋ o ɔ ə ɵ p r s t u ɥ v w x y z
IPA value
a b ɓ d ɗ e ɛ f ɡ ɡ͡b h i k k͡p kʷ l m n ŋʷ ɲ ŋ o ɔ ə ɵ p r s t u ɯ v w x j z

[4][5]

Dan West alphabet (Côte d'Ivoire)
A AƆ B BH D DH E Ɛ Ë ƐA F G GB GW I K KP KW L M N NG O Ɔ Ö P R S T U Ü V W Y Z
a aɔ b bh d dh e ɛ ë ɛa f g gb gw i k kp kw l m n ng o ɔ ö p r s t u ü v w y z
IPA value
a ɒ b ɓ d ɗ e ɛ ʌ æ f ɡ ɡ͡b gʷ i k k͡p kʷ l m n ŋ o ɔ ɤ p r s t u ɯ v w j z
Dan East alphabet (Côte d'Ivoire), 1982
A AƆ B BH D DH E Ë Ɛ ƐA F G GB GW H I Ɩ K KP KW L M N O Ö Ɔ P R S T U Ü Ʋ Ʋ̈ V W Y Z
a aɔ b bh d dh e ë ɛ ɛa f g gb gw h i ɩ k kp kw l m n o ö ɔ p r s t u ü ʋ ʋ̈ v w y z
IPA value
a ɒ b ɓ d ɗ e ʌ ɛ æ f ɡ ɡ͡b gʷ h i ɪ k k͡p kʷ l m n o ɤ ɔ p r s t u ɯ ʊ ʉ v w j z
Dan East alphabet (Côte d'Ivoire), 2014
A Œ B BH D DH E Ʌ Ɛ Æ F G GB GW H I Ɩ K KP KW L M N O Ɤ Ɔ P R S T U Ɯ Ʋ V W Y Z
a œ b bh d dh e ʌ ɛ æ f g gb gw h i ɩ k kp kw l m n o ɤ ɔ p r s t u ɯ ʋ v w y z
IPA value
a ɒ b ɓ d ɗ e ʌ ɛ æ f ɡ ɡ͡b ɡʷ h i ɪ k k͡p kʷ l m n o ɤ ɔ p r s t u ɯ ʊ v w j z

The capital ɤ will be encoded in a future version of The Unicode Standard.[6]

Tones are marked as follows: extra high tone: a̋; high tone: á; medium tone: ā; low tone: à; extra low tone: ȁ; high drop tone: â; extra low hanging tone: aʼ.

The digraphs ⟨bh, dh, gb gw, kp, kw⟩ keep the same values as in the spelling of 1982, and the nasal vowels are also indicated by appending the letter n after the letter of the vowel ⟨an, æn, ʌn, ɛn, in, ɔn, œn, un⟩.

References

  1. ^ Dan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    Kla at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
  3. ^ Vydrin, Valentin (2020). Dan. In Rainer Vossen and Gerrit J. Dimmendaal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of African Languages: Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 451–462.
  4. ^ "ScriptSource - Error - Writing System Not Found".
  5. ^ "Proposal to Encode Additional Latin and Cyrillic Characters" (PDF).
  6. ^ "Proposal to encode a capital Ram's Horn" (PDF).

External links

Dan language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator


Stub icon

This article about Mande languages is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This page was last edited on 7 April 2024, at 19:32
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.
Contact WIKI 2
Introduction
Terms of Service
Privacy Policy